模拟月地再入超重环境下新型压力裤防护效果研究
Study on the Protective Effect of New Pressure Trousers under Simulated Lunar-Earth Reentry Overweight Environment

针对半弹道跳跃式再入加速度过载问题，探讨一种梯度加压裤的加速度防护效果，为加压裤的改进和应用提供依据。选拔11名志愿者，分别以卧姿和躺姿状态，进行峰值5G的超重试验；其中5名志愿者以躺姿状态进行峰值7G的超重试验。利用载人离心机模拟飞船在月地再入过程中的加速度曲线。每种工况下，每名志愿者分别着加压裤和不着加压裤，进行两次对照试验。试验过程中监测志愿者心率、血压、血氧饱和度等生理指标，并记录志愿者主观感受进行评分。相对无加压裤状态，着加压裤使人体试验前血压呈升高趋势。卧姿峰值5G工况，与无加压裤相比，着加压裤使第二峰时心率变化值明显降低(P = 0.019)，主观感受评分明显提高(P = 0.039)。躺姿峰值5G工况，着加压裤无明显防护效果。躺姿峰值7G工况，60%志愿者表示着加压裤不适症状减轻，着加压裤延迟和减缓了血氧饱和度下降。梯度加压裤在卧姿工况下具有明显的加速度防护效果，在躺姿高过载工况下也具有一定的加速度防护效果。
In order to solve the problem of acceleration overload of semi-ballistic jump reentry, the acceleration protection effect of gradient pressure trousers was discussed, which provides a basis for the improvement and application of the pressure trousers. 11 volunteers were selected to carry out peak 5G overweight tests in supine and lying positions, respectively. Among them, 5 volunteers carried out the peak 7G overweight tests in the lying position. The manned centrifuge was used to simulate the acceleration curve of the spacecraft during the lunar-earth reentry. Under each working condition, the volunteers wore pressurized trousers and non-pressurized trousers, respectively, and two experiments were conducted as control. During the experiment, the physiological indexes such as heart rate, blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation were monitored, and the subjective feelings of the volunteers were recorded and scored. Compared with no pressurized trousers, wearing pressurized trousers increased the blood pressure of the human body before the test. Under the peak 5G condition of supine position, compared with non-pressurized trousers, the change of heart rate at the second peak was significantly decreased (P = 0.019), and the subjective perception score was significantly increased (P = 0.039). Under the peak 5G condition of lying position, there was no obvious protective effect of wearing pressurized trousers. Under the peak 7G condition of lying position, 60% of the volunteers indicated that the symptoms of pressurized trousers were alleviated, and wearing pressurized trousers delayed and slowed down the decrease of blood oxygen saturation. The gradient pressure trousers have an obvious acceleration protection effect in supine position, and also have a certain acceleration protection effect in lying position in high overload conditions.