目的论指导下公共标识语的英译方法研究
A Study on Translating of Public Signs from Chinese to English under the Guidance of Skopos Theory

本文剖析了部分公共标识语的错译现象，以功能目的论为指导，采用直译法、意译法和创译法来实现公共标语翻译的创新性、实用性和简洁性。当源语和目的语在结构和意义上达到一定程度上对等时，直译是最直接有效的方法，意义鲜明，具有引导、宣传和警示等作用，可体现出公共标识语翻译的实用性；当源语与目的语在结构和意义上相差较大时，意译可以使译文具有可读性，通过增减法、精炼用词等方式来实现公共标识语翻译的简洁性；当直译和意译均不适用时，可采用创译法来实现译语与源语在功能或效果上的对等，通过合译、分译等改变句式的方法来实现公共标识语翻译的创新性。
This paper analyzes the mistranslation of some public signs. Guided by Skopos theory, literal translation, free translation and creative translation were applied to achieve innovation, practicability and simplicity in the translation of public signs. When the source language and the target language are equivalent in the structure and meaning to a certain extent, literal translation is the most direct and effective method to achieve the function of guidance, publicity and warning with distinct significance, which can show the practicability of public signs translation. When the source language and the target language differ greatly in the structure and meaning, free translation can make translation readable, achieving the simplicity of public signs translation by addition and omission, refining words and so on. If neither literal translation nor free translation is suitable, creative translation can be used to realize the equivalence of the target language and the source language in terms of function or effect, and the innovation of public signs translation can be realized by changing sentence structure such as combination and division.