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Material Sciences 2022
高熵合金强韧化研究进展
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Abstract:
随着人类社会的不断发展和对材料需求的日益增长，人们对于在特殊领域服役的材料提出了一些全新的要求。多组元合金设计理念的提出，为合金设计提供了无限的成分空间。高熵合金(HEAs)由多种组元构成，这种体系极大提高了合金的混合熵，并且在得到高浓度固溶体的同时避免了形成具有脆性的金属间化合物，使其具备了传统合金难以拥有的优异综合性能。然而，对于服役于极端恶劣环境下的材料通常要求同时具备高塑性和高强度。因此，近年来国内外研究者通过多种强韧化手段实现了高熵合金强度的提升，同时，避免了塑性的降低。本文从高熵合金的成分优化、相结构设计、强韧化方式创新等方面归纳和分析了国内外关于高熵合金强韧化的最新研究进展。
With the continuous development of human society and the increasing demand for materials, people have put forward some brand new demands for the application of materials in different fields, and the concept of multiple alloy design has been proposed to provide an unlimited composition space for alloy design. High entropy alloys (HEAs) are composed of multiple primary elements. This system not only increases the mixed entropy of the alloy but also enables a high concentration of solid solu-tion to be obtained, avoiding the formation of more brittle intermetallic compounds, and giving it a comprehensive performance that is difficult to have with other conventional alloys. However, mate-rials serving in extreme environments need to have high toughness and high strength at the same time, and the existing alloys cannot meet these nearly demanding requirements, researchers in re-cent years through a variety of toughening means to make the performance of high- entropy alloy be greatly improved. This paper summarizes, analyzes, and reviews the latest research progress at home and abroad in terms of the composition, phase structure, and means of toughening high-entropy alloys.
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