碳达峰碳中和背景下电力行业碳排放权分配研究
Research on the Allocation of Carbon Emission Rights in the Power Industry under the Background of Carbon Peak Carbon Neutrality

随着全国碳市场纳入电力行业以及“双碳”目标的明确提出，电力行业如何进行碳排放权分配成为当前研究的焦点问题。通过对电力行业碳排放现状分析，发现“双碳”目标的确定对电力行业碳减排有促进作用，并构建包括发电机组分配和发电集团分配的碳排放权分配模型及实例分析，得出到2025年和2030年电力行业碳排放权分配额重点分配领域仍是燃煤发电，且有偿分配在其中发挥显著作用。如要在2025年如期达峰，必须提高碳市场活跃度，除了改变碳配额分配方式外，国家可以投入资金促进技术研发、引进国外人才，市场扩大有偿分配比例、完善碳价机制，企业成立碳资产管理小组等方式提高企业积极性，提高碳市场有效性。
With the inclusion of the national carbon market into the power industry and the clear proposal of the “dual carbon” goal, how to allocate carbon emission rights in the power industry has become the focus of current research. Through the analysis of the current status of carbon emissions in the power industry, it is found that the determination of the “dual carbon” target will promote carbon emission reduction in the power industry. In 2025 and 2030, the key distribution area of carbon emission rights allocation in the power industry is still coal-fired power generation, and paid dis-tribution plays a significant role in it. In order to reach the peak as scheduled in 2025, the activity of the carbon market must be increased. In addition to changing the allocation method of carbon allowances, the state can invest funds to promote technology research and development, introduce foreign talents, expand the proportion of paid allocation in the market, and improve the carbon pricing mechanism. Asset management teams and other methods can improve the enthusiasm of enterprises and improve the effectiveness of the carbon market