照护方式对失能老人心理健康的影响——基于CLHLS2018的分析
Effects of Care Methods on Mental Health of the Disabled Elderly—Analysis Based on CLHLS2018

基于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS) 2018年数据，运用多元线性回归分析照料方式对失能老人心理健康的影响。实证结果显示，不同照料方式对失能老人心理健康的影响不同，其中居家正式照护对失能老人的心理健康具有显著的正向影响，即接受居家正式照护的失能老人心理健康水平更高。失能老人心理健康很大程度上受失能程度影响，因此失能程度不同，各照料方式的影响存在差异。其政策启示为：更多地关注失能老人心理健康，特别是政策制定者和失能老人照护者；完善失能老人长期照护服务体系，大力发展以居家为主的长期照护方式，提高社区居家医养结合的有效性；加强以长期照护险为主的失能老人社会支持。
Based on the data of the Chinese Follow-up Survey on Health Factors Affecting the Elderly (CLHLS) in 2018, multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of care style on the mental health of the disabled elderly. The empirical results showed that different types of care had different effects on the mental health of the disabled elderly, among which formal home care had significant positive effects on the mental health of the disabled elderly, that is, the disabled elderly who received formal home care had higher mental health level. The mental health of the disabled elderly is largely affected by the degree of disability. Therefore, with various degrees of disability, care methods have diverse effects on the mental health of the disabled elderly. The policy implications are as follows: Pay more attention to the mental health of the disabled elderly, especially policy makers and caregivers of the disabled elderly; improve the long-term care service system for the disabled elderly, vigorously develop the home-based long-term care mode, and improve the effectiveness of the combination of home medical care and nursing in the community and strengthen social support for the disabled elderly, mainly through long-term care insurance.