|
长翼鸟科的研究现状及其飞行能力分析
|
Abstract:
长翼鸟科(Longipyerygidae)是反鸟中的一支,与现代鸟类中的翠鸟(Alcedo)极为相似,至今为止,已报道的长翼鸟科有7属7种,均产自我国辽宁西部早白垩世的义县组和九佛堂组地层。长翼鸟类的研究对于早期鸟类飞行起源,反鸟类的飞行能力及形态多样性等方面的研究具有重要的推动作用。本文对已发表的长翼鸟科7个属种的骨骼特征进行详细总结和描述,另对其整体飞行能力进行了预估。
Longipyerygidae is one of the enantiornithines, which is very similar to the Alcedo in modern birds. So far, there are seven genera and seven species reported, both produced from the early Cretaceous Yixian Formation and Jiufotang Formation in western Liaoning of China. The study of the Longipyerygidae plays an important role in promoting the study of the early bird flight origin, the flight ability and morphological diversity of the enantiornithines. In this paper, the skeletal characteristics of seven published species in the Longipyerygidae are summarized and described in detail, and their overall flight capability is also estimated.
[1] | 周忠和, 张福成. 中国中生代的鸟类:介绍及综述[J]. 动物学报, 2004, 50(4): 913-920. |
[2] | 张福成, 周忠和, 侯连海, 等. 反鸟的新发现和早期鸟类的辐射[J]. 科学通报, 2000, 45(24): 2650-2657. |
[3] | Zhang, F.C., Zhou, Z.H., Hou, L.H., et al. (2001) Early Diversification of Birds: Evidence from a New Opposite Bird. Chinese Science Bulletin, 46, 945-949. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02900473 |
[4] | Hou, L.H., Chiappe, L.M., Zhang, F.C., et al. (2004) New Early Cretaceous Fossil from China Documents a Novel Trophic Specialization for Mesozoic Birds. Naturwissenschaften, 91, 22-25.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-003-0489-1 |
[5] | O’Connor, J.K., Li, D.Q., Lamanna, M.C., et al. (2009) Phylogenetic Support for a Specialized Clade of Cretaceous Enantiornithine Birds with Information from a New Species. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 29, 188-204.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2009.10010371 |
[6] | Ecic, M.M., David, J.V., Gao, C.L., et al. (2009) Anatomy of the Early Cretaceous Bird Rapaxavis Pani, a New Species from Liaoning Province, China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 29, 545-554.
https://doi.org/10.1671/039.029.0210 |
[7] | O’Connor, J.K., Zhou, Z.H. and Zhang, F.C. (2011) A Reappraisal of Boluochia zhengi (Aves: Enantiornithes) and a Discussion of Intraclade Diversity in the Jehol Avifauna, China. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 9, 51-63.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2010.512614 |
[8] | 李莉, 巩恩普, 张立东, 等. 中国辽宁早白垩世的一新反鸟[J]. 古生物学报, 2010, 49(4): 524-531. |
[9] | Li, L., Wang, J.Q., Zhang, X., et al. (2012) A New Enantiornithine Bird from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Jinzhou Area, Western Liaoning Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 86, 1039-1044.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6724.2012.00729.x |
[10] | 周忠和, 张福成. 中国中生代鸟类概述[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 2006, 44(1): 74-98. |
[11] | Wang, S.S., Wang, Y.Q., Hu, H.G., et al. (2001) The Existing Time of Sihetun Vertebrate in Western Liaoning, China—Evidence from U-Pb Dating of Zircon. Chinese Science Bulletin, 46, 779-782.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03187222 |
[12] | Zhang, F.C. and Zhou, Z.H. (2000) A Primitive Enantiornithine Bird and the Origin of Feathers. Science, 290, 1955-1959. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.290.5498.1955 |
[13] | 周忠和, 王原. 热河生物群脊椎动物生物多样性的分析以及与其他动物群的比较[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 2010, 40(9): 1250-1265. |
[14] | Zheng, G. (1995) Ornithology. Beijing Normal University Press, Beijing, 1-319. (In Chi-nese) |
[15] | Zhang, F.C., Ericson, P.G.P. and Zhou, Z.H. (2004) Description of a New Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of Hebei, Northern China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 41, 1097-1107. https://doi.org/10.1139/e04-055 |
[16] | Sereno, P.C. (2000) Iberomesornis romerali (Aves, Ornithothoraces) Reevaluated as an Early Cretaceous Enantiornithine. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie, Abhandlungen, 215, 365-395.
https://doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/215/2000/365 |
[17] | Sanz, J.L., Chiappe, L.M. and Buscalioni, A.D. (1995) The Osteology of Concornis lacustris (Aves, Enantiornithine) from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain and a Reexamination of Its Phylogenetic Relationships. American Museum Novitates, 3133, 1-23. |
[18] | Zhou, Z.H. (1995) Discovery of a New Enantiornithine Bird from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 33, 99-113. |
[19] | O’Connor, J.K., Zhang, Y., Chiappe, L.M., et al. (2013) A New Enantiornithine from the Yixian Formation with the First Recognized Avian Enamel Specialization. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 33, 1-12.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2012.719176 |
[20] | 裘锐, 胡东宇. 小盗龙亚科(恐龙: 兽脚类)与鸟类起源研究[J]. 沈阳师范大学学报, 2016, 34(2): 133-139. |
[21] | 高玮. 鸟类分类学[M]. 长春: 东北师范大学出版社, 1992: 1-319. |
[22] | Zhou, Z.H. and Zhang, F.C. (2006) Mesozoic Birds of China—A Synoptic Review. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 44, 74-98. |
[23] | Zhang, F.C., Zhou, Z.H. and Dyke, G. (2006) Feathers and “Feather-Like” Integumentary Structures in Liaoning Birds and Dinosaurs. Geological Journal, 41, 395-404. https://doi.org/10.1002/gj.1057 |
[24] | 周忠和, 侯连海. 孔子鸟与鸟类的早期演化[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 1998, 36(2): 136-146. |
[25] | 王凌莉. 河北丰宁发鸟类新材料研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 北京: 中国地质大学, 2020. |
[26] | Zhou, Z.H. and Zhang, F.C. (2006) A Beaked Basal Ornithurine Bird (Aves, Ornithurae) from the Lower Creataceous of China. Zoologica Scripta, 35, 363-373. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00234.x |
[27] | Hou, L.H. and Zhou, Z.H. (1995) Confuciusornis sanctus, a New Later Jurassic Sauriurine Bird from China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 40, 1545-1551. |
[28] | 侯连海, 拉里?马丁, 周忠和, 等. 中国发现从始祖鸟到反鸟的重要缺失环节[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 1999, 37(2): 88-95. |
[29] | 周忠和. 热河生物群的辐射及其进化生态学背景[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006: 705-732. |
[30] | O’Connor, J.K., Zheng, X.T., Hu, H., et al. (2017) The Morphology of Chiappeavis magnapremaxillo (Pengornithidae: Enantiornithes) and a Comparison of Aerodynamic Function in Early Cretaceous Avian Tail Fans. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 55, 41-58. |
[31] | Zhang, Z.H., Chen, D.F., Zhang, H.T., et al. (2014) A Large Enantiornithine Bird from the Lower Cretaceous of China and Its Implication for Lung Ventilation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113, 820-827.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bij.12330 |
[32] | 李莉, 王晶琦, 侯世林. 辽宁朝阳九佛堂组今鸟类(红山鸟科)一新属种[J]. 古脊椎动物学报, 2011, 49(2): 195-200. |
[33] | 王任飞. 孔子鸟类一新标本的形态描述[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 沈阳: 沈阳师范大学, 2015. |
[34] | 周忠和, 张福成. 辽西早白垩世今鸟亚纲两新属与现生鸟类的起源[J]. 科学通报, 2001, 46(5): 371-377. |
[35] | 郑光美. 鸟类学[M]. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社, 1995: 1-585. |
[36] | Gill, F.B. (1995) Ornithology. 2nd Edition, HW Freeman, New York, 65-92. |
[37] | 李志恒, 张玉光, 周忠和. 鸟类飞行起源的研究[J]. 自然杂志, 2008, 30(1): 32-38. |
[38] | 康国文, 康健. 翠羽长喙的翠鸟[J]. 大自然, 2014(6): 44-47. |
[39] | Al-Zahaby, S.A. and Elsheikh, E.H. (2014) Ultramorphological and Histological Studies on the Tongue of the Common Kingfisher in Relation to Its Feeding Habit. The Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology, 67, 91-99.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobaz.2014.08.002 |
[40] | 邱有来. 翠鸟的捕鱼技巧[J]. 旅游纵览, 2015(8): 50-53. |
[41] | 叶祥奎. 化石鸟类的“胃石”[J]. 化石, 1981(3): 18. |