260例住院老年高血压患者健康素养现状及影响因素分析
Analysis of Health Literacy Status and Influencing Factors of 260 Hospitalized Elderly Hypertension Patients

目的：调查住院老年高血压患者健康素养的现状并分析相关危险因素。方法：采用便利抽样法，选取2022年02月~2022年05月贵阳市某三甲医院共264例住院老年高血压患者为研究对象，采用一般资料问卷、中文版高血压健康素养量表进行问卷调查，采用SPSS26.0对住院老年高血压患者的治疗依从性进行单因素分析，采用多元线性回归分析住院老年高血压患者健康素养的影响因素。结果：共发放问卷264份，有效回收260份，有效回收率98.48%。患者的健康素养总均分为(56.22 ± 11.65)分。多元线性回归分析显示，户口所在地、入院血压值、患高血压的时间进入回归方程(F = 2.373, P < 0.01)，可解释总变异的10.9%。结论：住院老年高血压患者健康素养水平处于较低水平，户口所在地、入院血压值、患高血压的时间是住院老年高血压患者健康素养的主要影响因素。建议重点针对职业、文化程度、医疗付费方式、抽烟、曾住院治疗的患者，对其进行高血压相关的健康教育及促进工作，从而全面提升住院老年高血压患者健康素养水平。
Objective: To investigate the current status of health literacy in hospitalized elderly patients with hypertension and to analyze the relevant risk factors. Methods: A total of 264 hospitalized elderly hypertensive patients in a ter-tiary hospital in Guiyang from February 2022 to May 2022 were selected by convenient sampling method, and questionnaires were conducted using the general data questionnaire and the Chinese version of the hypertension health literacy scale, and spss26.0 was used to conduct a one-factor analysis of the treatment compliance of hospitalized elderly hypertension patients, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy of hospitalized elder-ly hypertension patients. Results: A total of 264 questionnaires were distributed, and 260 were ef-fectively recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 98.48%. The patients’ overall average score of health literacy was (56.22 ± 11.65). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the location of the household registration, the blood pressure value of admission, and the time of suffering hyper-tension entered the regression equation (F = 2.373, P < 0.01), which could explain 10.9% of the to-tal variation. Conclusion: The health literacy level of hospitalized elderly patients with hypertension is at a low level, and the location of household registration, the blood pressure value of admission to the hospital, and the time of suffering from hypertension are the main influencing factors of health literacy of hospitalized elderly hypertensive patients. It is recommended to focus on the occupation, education level, medical payment methods, smoking, and patients who have been hospitalized, and to educate and promote hypertension-related health, so as to comprehensively improve the health literacy level of hospitalized elderly hypertensive patients.