Introduction: Prematurity continues to stand as a major
public health issue worldwide and more particularly for low incomes countries
like Burkina Faso. Indeed, it is the main cause of high death rate and infant
morbidity, neurologic deficiencies being one of them. Objective: From
March 1st to September 30th, 2020, evaluate the fetal neuroprotection protocol
using sulfate magnesium during births before thirty-three (33) weeks of
amenorrhea at the University Health Centers (UHC) of Yalgado Ouedraogo and
Bogodogo in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Patients and Methods: It was a
prospective cohort survey, exposed or unexposed. The exposed ones are from the
UHC of Yalgado Ouedraogo, while the unexposed ones are from the UHC of
Bogodogo. Analysis of the results showed 87 newborns from the exposed and 180
from the unexposed. The mortality rate, as well
as neonatal neurologic complications, was higher with unexposed than with exposed. Although antenatal exposure to magnesium
sulfate was not statistically associated with mortality and morbidity in
newborns at a threshold of 0.05%, it has shown an overall good neurological
prognosis in newborns exposed. Conclusion: A
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