XJ油田产水气井井筒压力损失研究
Study on Wellbore Pressure Loss in Gas Wells in XJ Oilfield

随着XJ油田气井开采的深入，气井能量逐步下降，积液问题越发突出，严重影响气井有效生产。为了气井有效生产及制定合理工作制度，明确气井井筒压力损失规律、选择准确的计算模型对实际积液气井稳产意义很大。本文通过实际气井生产数据，结合实测井筒压力数据，通过编程计算优选出适用KM区块的井筒压力计算模型并进行了检验，针对影响气井井筒压力损失的因素进行了敏感性分析。结果表明：Mukherjee & Brill模型的适用性最好，预测准确性最高；气井产水时压力损失为不产水气井的2倍，可见产水量是造成井筒压力损失的重要原因，产水量大时井筒摩阻损失占据主导地位；不同水气比情况发现，且当水气比比达到2 m³/10⁴ m³时，井筒压力损失的近80%；井径越大，气体携液能力越差，导致压力损失越大。为降低压力损失，提高气井产能，需要对气井实施及时排液以及排液采气措施。本文研究结果可对现场气井增产措施的实施提供一定指导。
With the deepening of gas well exploitation in XJ oilfield, the energy of gas wells has gradually decreased, and the problem of liquid accumulation has become more and more prominent, which seriously affects the effective production of gas wells. In order to effectively produce gas wells and formulate a reasonable working system, it is of great significance to clarify the wellbore pressure loss law of gas wells and select an accurate calculation model for the stable production of actual liquid-accumulating gas wells. In this paper, based on the actual gas well production data, combined with the wellbore pressure data, the wellbore pressure calculation model suitable for the KM block is optimized and tested by programming calculation, and the sensitivity analysis is carried out for the factors affecting the wellbore pressure loss of gas wells. The results show that the Mukherjee & Brill model has the best applicability and the highest prediction accuracy; when the gas well produces water, the pressure loss is twice that of the non-water-producing gas well. It can be seen that the water production is an important cause of the wellbore pressure loss. When the water production is large, the wellbore Friction loss dominates; it is found that under different water-gas ratios, and when the water-gas ratio reaches 2 m³/10⁴ m³, the wellbore pressure loss accounts for nearly 80%; the larger the well diameter, the worse the gas liquid-carrying ability, resulting in greater pressure loss. In order to reduce the pressure loss and improve the productivity of gas wells, it is necessary to implement timely liquid drainage and gas production measures for gas wells. The results of this study can provide some guidance for the implementation of field gas well stimulation measures.