改良材料对黄土高原沟壑区复垦耕地土壤养分的影响
Effects of Improved Materials on Soil Nutrients of Reclaimed Farmland in Gully Region of Loess Plateau

目的：为了提高宅基地复垦耕地的土壤养分，寻找最佳的土壤改良模式。方法：采用小区试验，研究了6种改良剂(粉煤灰、有机肥、熟化剂、粉煤灰 + 有机肥、熟化剂 + 有机肥、粉煤灰 + 熟化剂)添加模式对宅基地复垦耕地根区土壤养分的提升效应。结果：结果表明：结果1有机肥(T2)处理对玉米根区土壤有机质的提升效果最好，较对照平均增幅量为9.37~15.49 g？kg^？1，其次为粉煤灰 + 有机肥(T5)处理；结果2熟化剂 + 有机肥(T4)处理对有效磷在耕作层的提升效果最好，较对照增幅量为11.95~19.18 mg？kg^？1；结果3粉煤灰 + 有机肥(T5)处理对耕作层土壤速效钾和全氮的提升整体效果最好，较对照增幅量为31.6~34.8 mg？kg^？1和0.05~0.25 g？kg^？1。结论：结论有机肥 + 粉煤灰可作为山地丘陵区宅基地复垦耕地整治中最合适的改良模式，对提升宅基地复垦土壤质量意义重大。
Objective: In order to improve the soil nutrients of replanted soil in homestead, find the best soil improvement model. Methods: A plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of 6 kinds of modifiers (fly ash, Organic fertilizer, maturingagent, fly ash + Organic fertilizer, maturingagent + Organic fertilizer, maturingagent + fly ash) on soil nutrient enhancement in the root zone of re-claimed farmland in residential land. Result: The results show: Result 1 organic fertilizer (T2) treatment on organic matter the improvement effect is the best, the average increase is 9.37~15.49 g？kg^？1, followed by fly ash + organic fertilizer (T5); Result 2 the improvement agent + organic fertilizer (T4) had the best effect on the effective phosphorus in the tillage layer, which was 11.95~19.18 mg？kg^？1 compared with the no fertilization measures; Result 3 fly ash + organic fertilizer (T5) treatment had the best overall effect on the improvement of available potassium and total nitrogen in the tillage layer, compared with the no fertilization measures increase of 31.6~34.8 mg？kg^？1 and 0.05~0.25 g？kg^？1. Conclusion: Organic fertilizer and fly ash can be used as the most suitable improvement model for the replanted soil of homestead in residential land in mountainous and hilly areas, it is of great significance to improve the quality of soil for homestead reclamation.