乌鲁木齐机场一次强降水天气过程分析
Analysis of a Heavy Precipitation Process at Urumqi Airport

2021年7月30~31日乌鲁木齐机场出现了一次中到大雨天气过程。本文利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP再分析资料和微波辐射计资料对此次强降水天气进行诊断分析。结果表明：乌鲁木齐机场此次强降水是发生在“两槽一脊”的环流背景形势下，由于下游脊的阻挡，导致高空槽移动缓慢，造成此次降水持续时间长，降水量大；较强的水汽辐合配合强烈的上升运动以及不稳定能量的积聚造成了此次强降水的发生；微波辐射计资料中的相对湿度、液态水及综合水汽含量都反映了此次强降水的发生，微波辐射计的高时空密度的连续监测资料对强降水天气的航空气象预报预警服务有一定的辅助参考作用。
A moderate to heavy rain weather process occurred at Urumqi Airport on July 30~31, 2021. This paper diagnoses the heavy precipitation weather through the conventional meteorological observation data, NCEP reanalysis data and microwave radiometer data. The results show that the heavy rainfall at Urumqi Airport occurred in the circulation background of “two trough and one ridge”. Due to the blocking of the downstream ridge, the upper trough moved slowly, resulting in the long duration and heavy precipitation. Abundant water vapor convergence combined with strong upward movement and unstable energy accumulation caused the occurrence of this heavy precipitation. The contents of relative humidity, liquid water and integrated water vapor in microwave radiometer data all reflect the occurrence of the heavy precipitation. The continuous monitoring data of high spatial and temporal density of microwave radiometer has a certain auxiliary reference function for the aeronautical meteorological forecast and early warning service of heavy precipitation weather.