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动力锂电池液冷板冷却性能的优化分析
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Abstract:
为提升电池液冷板冷却性能同时降低其自身能耗，本文提出了两种流道结构的液冷板，以液冷板与被冷却的单体电池为研究对象，借助数值模拟的方法对电池与液冷板系统进行仿真计算，对不同冷却液的流量下电池温度场的最大温差、平均温度以及冷却液进出口压差等参数进行分析。结果表明：并行流道结构冷板在自身能耗与电池的体平均温度方面要低于串行流道结构冷板，但后者冷却下的电池温度场均匀性要优于前者。为提升并行结构冷板冷却电池的温度场均匀性，以在电池与冷板接触面之间添加厚度为0.6 mm石墨板的方式进行优化，经过优化后电池温度场最大温差相比优化前有着明显的降低，流量为5.4 × 10？4 kg/s时冷板优化前后电池的最大温差分别为6.49 K与4.51 K，降幅达到30.51%。经优化后的并行结构液板冷在电池温度场的平均温度、最大温差与自身能耗等参数上较串行结构有着明显的优势。此结果将对实际大容量电池热管理系统中并行流道结构的液冷板设计提供部分依据。
In order to improve the cooling performance of the battery liquid cooling plate and reduce its own energy consumption, this paper proposes two kinds of channel structures for the liquid cooling plate. Taking the liquid cooling plate and the cooled single battery as the research object, the battery and liquid cooling plate system are simulated and calculated by numerical simulation method, and the parameters such as the maximum temperature difference, average temperature in the battery temperature field and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the coolant under different coolant flows are analyzed. The results show that the parallel channel structure cold plate is lower than the serial channel structure cold plate in terms of its own energy consumption and the average temperature of the battery, but the uniformity of the battery temperature field under the cooling of the latter is better than the former. In order to improve the uniformity of the temperature field of the parallel structure cooling plate, optimization was carried out by adding a graphite plate with a thickness of 0.6mm between the contact surface of the battery and the cooling plate. After optimization, the maximum temperature difference of the battery temperature field was significantly reduced compared with that before optimization. When the flow was 5.4 × 10？4 kg/s, the maximum temperature difference of the battery before and after the optimization of the cooling plate is 6.49 K and 4.51 K, respectively, with a decrease of 30.51%. The optimized parallel structure liquid cooling plate has obvious advantages over the serial structure in parameters such as the average temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the battery temperature field as well as its own energy consumption. This result will provide some basis for the design of a liquid cooling plate with a parallel channel structure in the actual large capacity battery thermal management system.
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