Purpose of the work: to study the epidemiological,
clinical and therapeutic aspects of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis collected
within the ENT-CCF surgery department of the CNHU of Cotonou. Materials and
method: the study was a descriptive retrospective carried out from January 1st,
2018 to December 31st, 2020. It concerned new cases of diffuse
cervico-facial cellulitis identified during the period. Results: in 3 years, 55
cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis were identified out of 1101
hospitalized patients. The frequency was 4.99%. Per year, 18 cases of
cervico-facial cellulitis are recorded. The mean age of the patients was 41.3 years
with extremes of 15 years and 85 years. A clear male predominance was noted
with a sex ratio of 1.29. Painful cervico-facial swelling was the most common
reason for medical consultation (47 patients or 85.5% of cases). Thirty
patients (54.5%) showed a deterioration in general condition. Several clinical
forms of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis have been described, in particular
the gangrenous form, the suppurative, necrotizing form and LUDWIG’s angina. The
portal of entry was dental in 50 patients (91% of cases), favored by poor oral
hygiene and self-medication with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs). The medico-surgical treatment implemented was favorable for 47
patients (85.5%). Conclusion: Diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis remains a frequent
medical-surgical emergency in the CCF ENT department at the Teaching Hospital
of Cotonou. Mainly of odontogenic origin, it is encountered in different
clinical forms.
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