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急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死救治时间节点研究进展
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Abstract:
急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)是冠心病的严重类型，致死、致残率较高，严重影响了患者的生存预后。STEMI救治的关键在于早期开通梗死相关动脉，恢复心肌血流灌注，挽救濒死心肌，缩小梗死面积，从而改善患者预后。但是由于地理位置和有限的医疗条件等因素下，部分患者存在救治延误，在STEMI患者的救治中，时间就是心肌，时间就是生命，因此对救治过程中的各项时间节点有较高的要求。目前国内外研究较多的是入门至球囊扩张时间、首次医疗接触至球囊扩张时间，STEMI的救治是一个链状体系，需要关注患者从发病至急诊室并开通梗死相关动脉的整个过程，对各项时间节点的控制尤为重要。因此，本文旨在总结STEMI的各项时间节点及其对患者预后的影响。
Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a serious type of coronary heart dis-ease with high mortality and disability rates, which seriously affects the survival and prognosis of patients. The key to STEMI treatment is to open infarct-related arteries early, restore myocardial blood perfusion, save dying myocardium, and reduce infarct size, thereby improving patient prog-nosis. However, due to factors such as geographical location and limited medical conditions, some patients have delays in treatment. In the treatment of STEMI patients, time is the heart muscle and time is life. Therefore, there are higher requirements for various time nodes in the treatment pro-cess. At present, most of the research at home and abroad is door-to-balloon time and the first med-ical contact-to-balloon time. The treatment of STEMI is a chain system, and it is necessary to pay at-tention to the whole process of patients from symptom onset to emergency room and opening of in-farct-related arteries. The control of each time node is particularly important. Therefore, this article aims to summarize the time points of STEMI and its impact on patient prognosis.
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