我国城市生活垃圾处理现状与展望
Present Situation and Prospect of Urban Domestic Waste Treatment in China

本文利用2010年~2020年我国城市生活垃圾产生数据(以清运数据计)，统计、分析了近十年我国城市生活垃圾处理现状。结果表明：2011年~2019年我国城市生活垃圾产生量逐年增加，2019年最高为2.42亿吨，2020年开始下滑；2011年~2020年我国城市生活垃圾无害化处理率逐年升高，2020年我国城市生活垃圾无害化处理利率达到99.7%；2011年~2018年我国城市生活垃圾无害化处理以卫生填埋为主，但所占比例却是逐年下降，无害化焚烧处理所占的比例逐年上升，2019年无害化焚烧处理首次超过卫生填埋处理，占比达到51%，成为我国城市生活垃圾处理的主要手段。同时对我国城市生活垃圾管理政策、存在的问题进行了梳理、分析和展望，以期为今后开展相关研究提供借鉴和参考。
Based on the data of urban domestic waste generation in China from 2010 to 2020 (based on the data of cleaning and transportation), the current situation of urban domestic waste treatment in China in the past ten years is statistically analyzed. The results show that from 2011 to 2019, China’s urban domestic waste production increased year by year, with a maximum of 242 million tons in 2019 and a decline in 2020; from 2011 to 2020, the harmless treatment rate of urban domestic garbage in China increased year by year. In 2020, the harmless treatment rate of urban domestic garbage in China reached 99.7%; from 2011 to 2018, the harmless treatment of urban domestic waste in China was mainly based on sanitary landfill, but the proportion was decreasing year by year. The proportion of harmless incineration treatment increased year by year. In 2019, the harmless incineration treatment exceeded the sanitary landfill treatment for the first time, accounting for 51%, and became the main means of urban domestic waste treatment in China. At the same time, the domestic waste management policies and existing problems in China are sorted out, analyzed and prospected in this paper, with a view to providing a reference for related research in the future.