一种空气弹簧的动力特性分析
Dynamic Characteristic Analysis of an Air Spring

空气弹簧有着优越的振动控制效果，本文建立了带辅气室的空气弹簧简化模型，利用热动力学、流体力学的基本原理，求解了不同孔径参数下的振动传导特性，讨论了气室容积比对系统阻尼比的影响。结果表明连管孔径对空气弹簧垂向力学特性影响较大，连管孔径越大，空气弹簧系统振动传导率峰值越小，固有频率越小；空气弹簧系统阻尼比随容积比的增加而增加，当容积比超过一定值后，弹簧阻尼不再快速变化；选择合适的孔径和容积比参数可有效调节振动传导，提高空气弹簧的性能。最后建立了空气弹簧的三维模型进行仿真分析。
Air spring has a superior vibration control effect. This paper establishes a simplified model of air spring with auxiliary volumes. By using the basic principles of thermal dynamics and fluid mechanics, the vibration transmissibility characteristics of the different parameters of the pipeline have been solved, and the gas chamber volume ratio on the system damping ratio has been discussed. The results show that the diameter of the connecting tube has a great influence on the vertical mechanical properties of the air spring. The larger the diameter of the connecting pipe is, the smaller the peak value of the vibration conductivity of the air spring system is, and the smaller the natural frequency is. The damping ratio of the air spring system increases with the increase of the volume ratio, but when the volume ratio exceeds a certain value, the spring damping does not change rapidly. Selecting the appropriate aperture and volume ratio parameters can effectively adjust the vibration conduction and improve the performance of the air spring. Finally, the three-dimensional model of air spring is established for simulation analysis.