基于“小挑”竞赛项目培养大学生解决复杂工程问题能力的实践与探索
Practice and Exploration on the Cultivation of the Ability of College Students to Solve Complex Engineering Problems Based on “The Challenge Cup” Competition

工程教育专业认证非常重视解决“复杂工程问题”能力的培养，以此为核心提高本科生解决实际问题能力的教学方法成为当前高等教育亟待探索的问题。传统实验教学内容单一，且多为验证性实验，与专业认证导向下对学生培养目标的要求是不相符的。本文探讨了将学科竞赛作为补充手段纳入到实践教学环节，系统培养学生解决“复杂工程问题”能力的必要性。并以具体实例论证了“小挑”项目的实施，不仅能够较好地提高学生工程知识类能力的掌握，还能够有效补充传统实践教学的短板，对学生工程素质类的能力进行有效培养。
Engineering education certification attaches great importance to the cultivation of the ability to solve “complex engineering problems”, and the teaching method to improve the ability of under-graduates to solve practical problems as the core has become an urgent problem to be explored in current higher education. The traditional experiment teaching content is single, and most of them are confirmatory experiments, which do not accord with the requirements of students’ training objectives under the guidance of professional certification. This paper discusses the necessity of bringing discipline competition into practice teaching as a supplementary means to systematically train students’ ability to solve “complex engineering problems”. And use concrete examples to demonstrate the implementation of “The Challenge Cup” project, not only can better improve students’ ability to master engineering knowledge, but also can effectively supplement the shortcomings of traditional practice teaching, to effectively train students’ ability of engineering quality.