高海拔旱区可降解地膜农田适应性效果评价研究
Study on Evaluation of Farmland Adaptability of Degradable Plastic Film in High Altitude Arid Area

为有效探讨西藏高海拔旱区农业生产用可降解地膜使用效果，检验现有市场行业的可降解塑料产成品的优劣程度，积极科学评价可降解地膜发展前景，为有效防止农田塑形物污染寻求有效途径，本研究主要以西藏特殊生态环境，强紫外线、温差悬殊、干旱冷凉等特点为依托，通过引进不同可降解地膜运用于大田农业生产，从可降解地膜降解程度和农作物生长长势两个方面进行评价，通过实验研究得出不同可降解地膜均可以有效地满足日常农机作业要求和农作物生长的需求，均对于农作物增温、保墒、抑草、增产有效果，但是不同降解周期具有不同降解程度和降解效果，部分可降解地膜表现出良好的降解性能，本文认为新型可降解地膜是防治农业面源污染有效途径之一，值得农业生产积极运用和推广。
In order to effectively explore the use effect of degradable plastic film for agricultural production in high-altitude arid areas of Tibet, test the advantages and disadvantages of degradable plastic products in existing market industries, actively and scientifically evaluate the development prospect of degradable plastic film, effectively prevent farmland plastic pollution and seek an effective way. This study is mainly based on the characteristics of Tibet’s special ecological environment, strong ultraviolet light, wide temperature difference, drought and cold, through the introduction of different degradable plastic films for field agricultural production, the degradation degree of degradable plastic films and the growth trend of crops are evaluated. Through experimental research, it is found that different degradable plastic films can effectively meet the requirements of daily agricultural machinery operation and the needs of crop growth, and have the effects of increasing crop temperature, moisture conservation, grass inhibition and yield, but different degradation cycles have different degradation degrees and degradation effects. Some degradable mulching films show good degradation performance. This paper believes that the new degradable mulching film is one of the effective ways to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution, which is worthy of active application and popularization in agricultural production.