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1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐/尿素低共熔溶剂的制备及结构与性能研究
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Abstract:
以1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(BMIMCl)和尿素(Urea)为氢键“受体”和“给体”，通过热混合的方法对BMIMCl/Urea低共熔溶剂(DES)进行了制备。研究了摩尔分数对BMIMCl/Urea体系结构的演化及低共熔溶剂形成的影响。通过表观形态、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、二维广角X射线衍射(WAXD)和傅里叶红外(FT-IR)对制备的BMIMCl/Urea样品进行了结构表征。结果表明，随着BMIMCl摩尔分数的增加，BMIMCl/Urea体系经历了固–固相变、非晶化和溶剂化过程；BMIMCl摩尔分数为80 mol%和90 mol%时形成了BMIMCl/Urea DES。通过对BMIMCl/Urea DES样品的交流阻抗分析，发现离子液体基低共熔溶剂具有与离子液体一样的导电性。从氢键和离子液体对称性角度分析了离子液体低共熔溶剂形成机制，为开发和利用新型离子液体低共熔溶剂提供了新的参考。
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) and urea (Urea), used as hydrogen bond “acceptors” and “donors” were mixed, stirred, heated to prepare BMIMCl/Urea DES (deep eutectic solvent). The influence of molar fraction of BMIMCl on the structure evolution of Urea and formation mechanism of ionic liquid-based DES was analyzed. Apparent morphology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), two-dimensional wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) were respectively employed to characterize the structure of prepared BMIMCl/Urea samples. The results showed that the BMIMCl/Urea system underwent solid-solid phase transition, amorphization and solvation with the increasing of molar fracyion of BMIMCl. The BMIMCl/Urea DESs were formed when the mole fractions of BMIMCl were between 80 mol% and 90 mol%. The AC impedance analysis was employed to characterize the electrical property of BMIMCl/Urea DESs. It was found that the ionic liquid-based deep eutectic solvent has the same conductivity as the ionic liquid. The formation mechanism of ionic liquid-based DESs was explained by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and asymmetry structure of ionic liquid. This work provided a reference for the development and utilization of new ionic liquid deep eutectic solvents.
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