Objective: To investigate the Psychological Adaptation Scale (PAS) of the main relatives and caregivers of patients after esophageal cancer surgery and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From December 2019 to January 2021, 290 postoperative patients with esophageal cancer and their main relatives and caregivers from a tertiary A tumor hospital in Guangzhou were selected as the research objects using the convenience sampling method. The general information questionnaire and the Chinese version were used. Psychological Adaptation Level Scale (PAS) and Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI) were investigated. Results: The PAS score of the main relatives and caregivers after esophageal cancer surgery was 45.00 (32.00, 67.00) points, the lowest score was 27.00 points, and the highest score was 80.00 points. The level of the caregiver’s psychological adaptation is positively correlated with the caregiver’s burden. The multiple stepwise regression analysis shows that the families per capita income, whether there is care experience and the caregiver’s burden are the influencing factors of the caregiver’s psychological adjustment level. Conclusion: The psychological adaptation level of the caregivers of the main relatives of patients after esophageal cancer surgery is obviously low. Medical staff should improve the psychological adaptation level of the caregivers in a targeted manner and take effective measures according to different influencing factors to improve the psychological state of the caregivers.
References
[1]
Biesecker, B. B., Erby, L. H., Woolford, S. et al. (2013). Development and Validation of the Psychological Adaptation Scale (PAS): Use in Six Studies of Adaptation to a Health Condition or Risk. Patient Education and Counseling, 93, 248-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2013.05.006
[2]
Bull, M. J. et al. (1990). Factors Influencing Family Caregiver Burden and Health. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 12, 758-776. https://doi.org/10.1177/019394599001200605
[3]
Coristine, M. et al. (2003). Caregiving for Women with Advanced Breast Cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 12, 709-719. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.696
[4]
Deng, C., & Qi, Z. R. (2021). Interpretation of Expert Consensus on Treatment Scheme of Esophageal Cancer with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (2021 Edition). Journal of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 35, 3-7.
[5]
Esophageal Cancer Professional Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association (2013). Guidelines for Standardized Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer. Peking Union Medical College Press.
[6]
Grunfeld, E. (2004). Family Caregiver Burden: Results of a Longitudinal Study of Breast Cancer Patients and Their Principal Caregivers. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 170, 1795-1801. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.1031205
[7]
Hamad, E. O., Al-Hadi, A. N., Tremblay, P. F., et al. (2018). Reconstruction of a Caregiver Burden Scale: Identifying Culturally Sensitive Items in Saudi Arabia. Canadian Journal on Aging, 37, 218-233. https://doi.org/10.1017/S071498081800003X
[8]
Henry, C. S., Morris, A. S., & Harrist, A. W. (2015). Family Resilience: Moving into the Third Wave. Family Relations, 64, 22-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12106
[9]
Lamb, A. E., Biesecker, B. B., Umstead, K. L. et al. (2016). Family Functioning Mediates Adaptation in Caregivers of Individuals with Rett Syndrome. Patient Education and Counseling, 99, 1873-1879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2016.06.018
[10]
Li, J. M. (2017). Analysis of Postoperative Complications of Esophageal Cancer Grading and Their Influencing Factors. Chinese Clinical Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, No. 4, 259-264.
[11]
Malpert, A. V., Kimberg, C., Luxton, J. et al. (2015). Emotional Distress in Parents of Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Psycho-Oncology, 24, 1116-1123. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3732
[12]
McMillan, S. C. (1996). Quality of Life of Primary Caregivers of Hospice Patients with Cancer. Cancer Practice, 4, 191-198.
[13]
National Health Commission (2019). Specification for Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Cancer (2018 Edition). Journal of Multidisciplinary Cancer Management (Electronic Version), 5.
[14]
Nijboer, C. et al. (1998). Cancer and Caregiving: The Impact on the Caregiver’s Health. Psycho-Oncology, 7, 3-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1611(199801/02)7:1%3C3::AID-PON320%3E3.0.CO;2-5
[15]
Papastavrou, E. et al. (2007). Caring for a Relative with Dementia: Family Caregiver Burden. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 58, 446-457. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04250.x
[16]
Wang, L., Yang, X. S., Hou, Z. et al. (2006). Application and Evaluation of Chinese Version of Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 22, 970-972.
[17]
Wang, M. J., Zhang, R. X., Chang, M. Y., & Cheng, M. Y. (2021). The Chinese Version of Psychological Adaptation Scale and Reliability and Validity Test. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 56, 155-159.
[18]
Weitzner, M. A., McMillan, S. C., & Jacobsen, P. B. (1999). Family Caregiver Quality of Life: Differences between Curative and Palliative Cancer Treatment Settings. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 17, 418-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-3924(99)00014-7
