Different soil amendments have varying effects on
crop growth, yield and soil properties. The study evaluated the effect of
poultry manure, inorganic fertilizer?(NPK), and biochar-based fertilizer (organo-yield) on
tomato growth, yield and post-cropping
soil properties. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on tomato growth and yield were collected and soils were tested before and after the cropping seasons.
Analysis of variance was performed on the data and the effect of soil
amendments on tomato growth and yield was determined. The effect of soil
amendments on post-production soil properties was tested
by comparing soil properties before and
after the cropping seasons with published critical values. Results showed that
all amendments increased the growth and yield of tomato significantly (P<0.05) compared to the control (without soil amendments). Plant height was
higher in plots applied with soil amendments as compared to the control, while stem girth was highest in poultry-manured
plots. Poultry manure and organo-yield applied plants exhibited high tomato
fruit number and yield compared to control plots. In terms of soil properties,
poultry manure and organo-yield improved the soil’s physical and chemical properties. Organo-yield
decreased the soil bulk density and increased the pH from 4.8 to 5.5, while,
application of NPK only increased calcium content in the soil. The findings
confirmed that soil amendments applied increased tomato growth, and
References
[1]
Araujo, J.C., Telhado, S.F.P., Sakai, R.H., Lebo, C.A.S. and Melo, P.C.T. (2016) Univariate and Multivariate Procedures for Agronomic Evaluation of Organically Grown Tomato Cultivars. Horticultura Brasileira, 34, 374-380.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-05362016003011
[2]
Sainju, U.M., Dris, R. and Singh, B. (2003) Mineral Nutrition of Tomato. Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment, 1, 176-183.
[3]
Kelly, T.W. and Boyhan, G. (2010) Commercial Tomato Production Handbook. University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Research Bulletin 1312.
[4]
Ssejjemba, K.F. (2008) Value Chain Analysis of Fresh Tomatoes in Uganda and Kenya. Assignment 3, Mastricht School of Management, 17 p.
[5]
FAOSTAT (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2017) Food Supply - Lifestock and Fish Primary Equivalent. Statistics Division.
https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/13.2-development-in- consumption-of-2/rationalereference.2012-10-10.0631395283
[6]
Sonko, R., Njue, E., Ssebuliba, J.M. and Jager, A.D. (2005) Pro-Poor Horticulture in East Africa and South East Asia: The Horticultural Sector in Uganda. Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Hague.
[7]
Karungi, J., Tusiime, G., Rubaihayo, P., Ssonko, R., Asiimwe, D., Kyamanywa, S., Miller, S. and Erbaugh, J.M. (2013) Integrated Pest Management of Ralstonia solanacearum on Tomato in Uganda.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Integrated-pest-management-of-Ralstonia- on-tomato-Karungi-Muwanga/c3d4e187544f90100bdba39bf078f50feaa5a8ed
[8]
Geoffrey, T. and Mbabazi, S. (2014) Evaluating Horticultural Practices for Sustainable Tomato Production in Kamuli, Uganda. Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Paper 14033.
[9]
International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) (2015) 2014 Annual Report. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC.
http://ebrary.ifpri.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15738coll2/id/129163
https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896295629
[10]
Wisnubroto, E.I., Utomo, W.H. and Soelistyari, H.T. (2017) Biochar as a Carrier for Nitrogen Plant Nutrition: The Release of Nitrogen from Biochar Enriched with Ammonium Sulfate and Nitrate Acid. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 12, 1035-1942.
[11]
Chan, K.Y., Van Zwieten, L., Meszaros, I., Downie, A. and Joseph, S. (2008) Agronomic Values of Green Waste Biochar as a Soil Amendment. Soil Research, 45, 629-634.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SR07109
[12]
Carter, M.R. (1993) Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
[13]
Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E. (1982) Determination of Available Phosphorus. In: Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Keeney, D.R., Eds., Method of Soil Analysis, American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, 403-427.
https://doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr9.2.2ed.c24
[14]
Okalebo, J.R., Gathua, K.W. and Woomer. P.L. (2002) Laboratory Methods of Soil and Plant Analysis: A Working Manual. 2nd Edition, TSBF-CIAT and SACRED Africa, Nairobi.
[15]
Murphy, J. and Riley, J.P. (1962) A Modified Single Solution Method for Determination of Phosphate in Natural Waters. Analytica Chimica Acta, 27, 31-36.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)88444-5
[16]
Asiimwe, D., Tusiime, G., Karungi, J., Kyamanywa, S., Miller, S. and Rubaihayo, P.R. (2013) Comparison of the Reaction of MT56 with Other Popular Tomato Genotypesto Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) in Six Locations in Uganda. African Crop Science Conference Proceedings, 11, 203-209.
Ortas, I. (2013) Influences of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Rates on Pepper and Tomato Yield and Nutrient Uptake under Field Conditions. Academic Journals, 8, 1048-1055.
[19]
Saidu, A., Bello, L.Y., Tsado, E.K. and Ibrahim, F.K. (2011) Effect of Cow Dung on the Performance of Tomato. International Journal of Applied Biological Research, 17, 169-176.
[20]
Tonfack, L.B., Bernadac, A., Youmbi, E., Mbouapouognigni, V.P., Ngueguim, M. and Akoa, A. (2009) Impact of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Tomato Vigor, Yield and Fruit Composition under Tropical Andosol Soil Conditions. Fruits, 64, 167-177. https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits/2009012
[21]
Heeb, A., Lundegardh, B., Savage, G.P. and Ericsson, T. (2006) Impact of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Yield, Taste, and Nutritional Quality of Tomatoes. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 169, 535-541.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520553
[22]
Hass, A., Gonzalez, J.M., Lima, I.M., Godwin, H.W., Halvorson, J.J. and Boyer, D.G. (2012) Chicken Manure Biochar as Liming and Nutrient Source for Acid Appalachian Soil. Journal of Environmental Quality, 41, 1096-1106.
https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0124
[23]
Lehmann, J., Rillig, M.C., Thies, J., Masiello, C.A., Hockaday, W.C. and Crowley, D. (2011) Biochar Effects on Soil Biota—A Review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43, 1812-1836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.04.022
[24]
Tiamiyu, R.A., Ahmed, H.G. and Muhammad, A.S. (2012) Effect of Sources of Organic Manure on Growth and Yields of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in Sokoto, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 20, 213-216.
[25]
Law-Ogbomo, K.E. and Egharevba, R.K.A. (2008) Effects of Planting Density and NPK Fertilizer on Growth and Fruit Yield of Tomato (Lycospersicon esculentus Mill). Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 4, 265-272.
[26]
Thalib, H. and Heryati, B. (2009) Response of Carrot to N.P.K. Fertilizer. Journal of Horticultural Science, 3, 339-345.
[27]
Chinda, J. (2006) Effect of NPK and Minor Element Application on Tomato Growing in KPS Soil. Research Journal of Agriculture & Biological Sciences, 2, 186-192.
[28]
Downie, A., Crosky, A. and Munroe, P. (2009) Physical Properties of Biochar. In: Lehmann, J. and Joseph, S., Eds., Biochar for Environmental Management: Science and Technology, Earthscan, London, 13-32.
[29]
Atkinson, C.J., Fitzgerald, J.D. and Hipps, N.A. (2010) Potential Mechanisms for Achieving Agricultural Benefits from Biochar Application to Temperate Soils: A Review. Plant and Soil, 337, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0464-5