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慢性乙型肝炎药物治疗现状
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Abstract:
慢性乙型肝炎(慢性乙肝)指通过乙肝病毒检测进行诊断，且病程 > 6个月，属于慢性肝脏炎症性疾病，诱发机制为感染乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus, HBV)。慢性乙肝的临床表现为肝区疼痛、乏力、肝脾肿大等，随着HBV持续复制，可逐渐形成肝纤维化、肝硬化，甚至诱发肝癌，危及患者生命。目前慢性乙肝治疗方案主要是以核苷(酸)类似物(NAs)和干扰素(IFN)-α为代表的药物治疗，然而目前的治疗方案仅是干扰病毒复制，控制和延缓疾病的进展。因此针对HBV原始转录模版共价闭合环状DNA (cccDNA)，实现真正临床治愈，依据HBV (Hepatitis B virus)生命周期、针对不同靶点等特征的多种新型药物正在积极研发，该类药物对于慢乙肝治疗新方案的制定具有重大意义，为慢性乙肝患者的治愈带来了希望。
Chronic hepatitis B (chronic hepatitis B) refers to the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus detection, and the course of disease is more than 6 months. It is a chronic liver inflammatory disease, and the in-duction mechanism is hepatitis B virus (HBV). The clinical manifestations of chronic hepatitis B are liver pain, fatigue, hepatosplenomegaly, etc. With the continuous replication of HBV, it can gradually form liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and even induce liver cancer, which is life-threatening for pa-tients. The current treatment regimen for chronic hepatitis B is mainly drug therapy repre- sented by nucleoside (acid) analogs (NAs) and interferon (IFN)-α. However, the current treatment regimen only interferes with virus replication to control and delay the progression of the disease. Therefore, aiming at covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the original transcription template of HBV, to achieve true clinical cure, a variety of new drugs based on the life cycle of HBV and targeting differ-ent targets are being actively developed. The formulation of it is of great significance and brings hope for the cure of chronic hepatitis B patients.
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