Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. In recent years, studies on chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment have been reported mainly on young women with breast cancer. Only few studies on chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with gastric cancer. Objective: To investigate the effect of chemotherapy on cognitive function in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Methods: Sixty patients with stage IV gastric cancer who received fluorouracil based chemotherapy were selected as gastric cancer group, including 25 patients with S-1 (S-1 group) and 35 patients with capecitabine (capecitabine group). 60 healthy controls matched with age and education level were recruited as control group. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) were used to test. Results: There was no significant difference in MMSE, MoCA and AVLT between healthy control group and gastric cancer group before chemotherapy. MMSE, MoCA, immediate memory and delayed memory decreased in gastric cancer patients after chemotherapy (t = 2.206, t = 2.399, t = 2.206, t = 2.654, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in MMSE, MoCA and AVLT between S-1 group and capecitabine group before and after chemotherapy. Conclusion: Patients with gastric cancer will have chemotherapy-related cognitive dysfunction after chemotherapy. It is necessary to evaluate and guide or treat patients with cognitive function, so as to improve the quality of life of patients.
References
[1]
Bray, F., Ferlay, J., Soerjomataram, I., et al. (2018) Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 68, 394-424. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492
[2]
Bernstein, L.J., McCreath, G.A., Komeylian, Z., et al. (2017) Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors Treated with Chemotherapy Depends on Control Group Type and Cognitive Domains Assessed: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 83, 417-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.10.028
[3]
Wagner, L.I., Gray, R.J., Sparano, J.A., Whelan, T.J., Garcia, S.F., Yanez, B., Tevaarwerk, A.J., Carlos, R.C., Albain, K.S., Olson Jr., J.A., Goetz, M.P., Pritchard, K.I., Hayes, D.F., Geyer, C.E., Dees, E.C., McCaskill-Stevens, W.J., Minasian, L.M., Sledge Jr., G.W. and Cella, D. (2020) Patient-Reported Cognitive Impairment among Women With Early Breast Cancer Randomly Assigned to Endocrine Therapy Alone Versus Chemoendocrine Therapy: Results From TAILORx. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 38, 1875-1886. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.19.01866
[4]
Al Hazzouri, A.Z., Vittinghoff, E., Byers, A., et al. (2014) Long-Term Cumulative Depressive Symptom Burden and Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia among Very Old Women. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 69, 595-601. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glt139
[5]
Carnero-Pardo, C. (2014) Should the Mini-Mental State Examination Be Retired? Neurologia, 29, 473-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.07.005
[6]
Olazarán, J., Hoyos-Alonso, M.C., del Ser, T., et al. (2016) Practical Application of Brief Cognitive Tests. Neurologia, 31, 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nrl.2015.07.009
[7]
Visser, P.J., Scheltens, P. and Verhey, F.R.J. (2005) Do MCI Criteria in Drug Trials Accurately Identify Subjects with Predementia Alzheimer’s Disease? Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 76, 1348-1354. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2004.047720
[8]
Vardy, J.L., Dhillon, H.M., Pond, G.R., et al. (2015) Tannock, Cognitive Function in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Who Do and Do Not Receive Chemotherapy: A Prospective, Longitudinal, Controlled Study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33, 4085-4092. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2015.63.0905
[9]
Shaffer, V.A., Merkle, E.C., Fagerlin, A., et al. (2012) Chemotherapy Was Not Associated with Cognitive Decline in Older Adults with Breast and Colorectal Cancer: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study. Medical Care, 50, 849-855. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0b013e31825a8bb0
[10]
Cruzado, J.A., Lopez-Santiago, S., Martinez-Marin, V., et al. (2014) Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Dysfunctions Induced by Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer Patients. Support Care Cancer, 22, 1815-1823. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2147-x
[11]
Fardell, J.E., Vardy, J., Shah, J.D., et al. (2012) Cognitive Impairments Caused by Oxaliplatin and 5-Fluorouracil Chemotherapy Are Ameliorated by Physical Activity. Psychopharmacology, 220, 183-193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2466-2
[12]
Wu, F.-L., Lu, D.-C., Ying, Y.-P., et al. (2015) A Meta-Analysis Reveals S-1-Based Chemotherapy Improves the Survival of Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer. Medicine, 94, e652. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000652
[13]
Mounier, N.M., Abdel-Maged, A.E., Wahdan, S.A., et al. (2020) Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment (CICI): An Overview of Etiology and Pathogenesis. Life Sciences, 258, 118071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118071
[14]
Ren, X., Boriero, D., Chaiswing, L., et al. (2019) Butterfield, Plausible Biochemical Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment (“Chemobrain”), a Condition that Significantly Impairs the Quality of Life of Many Cancer Survivors. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)—Molecular Basis of Disease, 1865, 1088-1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.02.007
[15]
Cascella, M., Di Napoli, R., Carbone, D., et al. (2018) Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Research Perspectives. Recenti Progressi in Medicina, 109, 523-530.
