榫卯结构在儿童积木玩具设计中的应用研究
The Application of Mortise and Tenon Joint in the Design of Children’s Building Block Toys

玩具作为儿童认识与感知世界的工具，对儿童的健康成长起着重要作用。随着近几年“国潮风”设计的流行，融合我国传统文化元素的积木玩具也在玩具市场悄然兴起。越来越多的家长在给孩子选择积木玩具时，优先考虑传统带有中国传统文化的积木玩具。由于不同年龄段的儿童行为特征表现存在差异，设计积木玩具时要着重考虑不同年龄段儿童对积木玩具的需求。目前玩具市场上“国潮”风格的儿童积木玩具徒有其型，不便儿童真正认识我国传统文化。榫卯是我国古建筑中常用的结构，因其灵活的拼接方式和高稳固性，可用于儿童积木玩具开发。兼顾材料安全性、人机环境、主题与色彩等积木玩具设计时要考虑的因素，以天津独乐寺为设计对象，设计一款基于榫卯结构的儿童积木玩具，使我国古建筑文化以积木玩具形式呈现，这为儿童了解中国传统文化提供新的选择。
Toys as the tool for children to know and perceive the world play an important role in children’s healthy growth. Recently, the design style with Chinese cultural elements has become popular, which leads to the rise of building block toys with traditional cultural elements in the toy market. When choosing building block toys for their children, more and more parents give priority to the traditional building toys with Chinese culture. Due to the differences in children’s behavior characteristics at different ages, the needs of children of different ages should be considered especially when designing building blocks toys. At present, the children’s building block toys with the style in the toy market only focus on the shape of Chinese traditional culture, which is inconvenient for children to understand. Mortise and tenon joints often appear in ancient buildings in China and can be used in children’s building toys because of their flexible stitching and high stability. Considering these design factors, including security, man-machine environment, theme, and color, this study uses the Dule temple of Tianjin to design a children’s building block toy based on mortise and tenon joints, and make Chinese ancient architectural culture presented in the form of building block toys, which provides a new choice for children to know the Chinese traditional culture.