脑机接口在脑卒中运动功能障碍的应用
Application of Brain Computer Interface in Motor Dysfunction of Stroke Patients

随着脑卒中发病率的增加，其所致的肢体功能运动障碍严重影响人们的正常生活，且目前治疗及康复效果难以达到人们的期望，脑机接口技术开始进入临床工作者的视野。脑机接口(brain-computer interface, BCI)是一种新型、且不依赖于人体自身神经传导组织的人机交互技术，它通过体外连接机器为脑卒中肢体功能障碍的患者提供了治疗措施和康复的可能。近些年来，BCI在康复治疗中具有重要的研究价值，且在神经功能康复及肢体障碍运动辅助等方面都已经被证实是有效的，且应用于临床治疗中，这也引起了更多的临床工作者致力于BCI治疗脑卒中后运动功能障碍的研究中。根据现有BCI的研究结果及应用，本文准备从BCI的分类、原理、在脑卒中患者中的应用等几个方面来进行综述，同时也探讨了目前BCI技术应用于临床治疗脑卒中肢体功能障碍所存在的问题及难点，并进一步分析、展望BCI技术在脑卒中未来的发展方向。
With the increase of the incidence of cerebral apoplexy, the limb dysfunction caused by it seriously affects people’s normal life, and the current treatment and rehabilitation effect is difficult to meet people’s expectations, so brain computer interface technology began to enter the field of vision of clinical workers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) is a new human-computer interaction technology independent of the human body’s own nerve conduction tissue. It provides therapeutic measures and rehabilitation possibilities for stroke patients with limb dysfunction through external con-nected machines. In recent years, BCI has an important research value in rehabilitation therapy, and has been proved to be effective in neurological rehabilitation and impaired limb movement as-sistance, and has been applied in clinical treatment, which has also aroused more clinical workers to devote themselves to the study of BCI in the treatment of motor dysfunction after stroke. Ac-cording to the existing research results and application of BCI, this paper intends to review the clas-sification, principle and application of BCI in stroke patients, also discusses the problems and diffi-culties existing in the application of BCI technology in the clinical treatment of stroke limb dysfunc-tion, and further analyzes and prospects the future development direction of BCI technology in stroke.