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老年人的认知功能及干预研究进展
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Abstract:
随着年龄的增长，大脑的结构和功能都会发生变化，并表现出一定程度的认知功能的衰退，如加工速度、工作记忆、判断推理等功能的退化。认知老化不仅影响老年人的生活质量，严重时甚至影响日常生活。然而，认知功能的变化是复杂动态的。大量研究发现大脑可以通过新区域的激活或神经代偿性发展来补偿认知功能退化。并且通过适当的干预措施可以改善老年人的认知功能，对大脑结构和功能产生积极影响。本文主要阐述了老年人的认知功能及脑成像变化，并介绍了延缓老年人认知功能下降的干预方式，以促进对认知功能老化及脑老化过程的深入理解。
With the increase of age, the structure and function of human brain will change, and show a cer-tain degree of cognitive function decline, such as processing speed, working memory, judgment reasoning and other functions of degradation. Cognitive aging not only affects the quality of life of the elderly, but even seriously affects daily life. However, changes in cognitive function are complex and dynamic. Numerous studies have found that the brain can compensate for cognitive decline through activation of new areas or compensatory neural development. Through appropriate interventions, it can improve the cognitive function of the elderly, and positively impact brain structure and functioning. This paper mainly expatiates the changes of cognitive function and brain imaging in the elderly, and introduces the intervention methods to delay the decline of cognitive function, to promote the further understanding of cognitive aging and brain aging.
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