Background: School is a space where children are exposed to the social and psychosocial environment that can affect their health. In Senegal, the prevalence of dental caries is high in classic schools according to fragmented data, and unknown in the koranic school (Daaras). Objective: The objective is to describe the disparity of dental caries in the schoolchildren (talibes) of Daara of Koki. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 talibes aged 7 to 12 years. Dental caries and socio-demographic data were, respectively, collected by clinical examination and questionnaire. Results: The sex ratio was 9, the mean age of 9.9 ± 1.5 years and the mean length of stay in the Daara was 2.3 ± 1.1 years. The prevalence of dental caries was 47.4%. The average mixed DFMT index was 1.1 ± 1.5. The prevalence was 51.2% among boys, 60% among eight-year-old children and 37.4% among twelve-year-old children. By length of stay, the prevalence was 52.9% at the start and 22.2% at the end with a significant downward trend (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The study showed an unequally distributed of caries among talibes of Koki’s Daara. She suggests that oral health promotion policies are needed in Koranic schools and must rely on koranic teachers.
References
[1]
Nery, N.G., Jordão, L.M.R. and Freire, M.C.M. (2019) School Environment and Oral Health Promotion: The National Survey of School Health (PeNSE). Revista de Saúde Pública, 53, 93. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053001376
[2]
Bonell, C., Blakemore, S.-J., Fletcher, A. and Patton, G. (2019) Role Theory of Schools and Adolescent Health. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 10, 742-748.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30183-X
[3]
Fernández, M.R., Goettems, M.L., Ardenghi, T.M., et al. (2015) The Role of School Social Environment on Dental Caries Experience in 8- to 12-Year-Old Brazilian Children: A Multilevel Analysis. Caries Research, 5, 548-556.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000438832
[4]
Molete, M.P., Chola, L. and Hofman, K.J. (2016) Costs of a School-Based Dental Mobile Service in South Africa. BMC Health Services Research, 1, Article No. 590.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1827-2
[5]
Gomes, A.C., Rebelo, M.A.B., et al. (2020) Socioeconomic Status, Social Support, Oral Health Beliefs, Psychosocial Factors, Health Behaviours and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents. Quality of Life Research, 1, 141-151.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02279-6
[6]
Naidoo, S., Sheiham, A. and Tsakos, G. (2013) The Relation between Oral Impacts on Daily Performances and Perceived Clinical Oral Conditions in Primary School Children in the Ugu District, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. South African Dental Journal, 5, 214-218.
[7]
Agaku, I.T., Olutola, B.G., Adisa, A.O., et al. (2015) Association between Unmet Dental Needs and School Absenteeism Because of Illness or Injury among U.S. School Children and Adolescents Aged 6-17 Years, 2011-2012. Preventive Medicine, 72, 83-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.037
[8]
Kaboré, W.A., Ouédraogo, Y., Ouédraogo, C.N.T., et al. (2017) Study of the Prevalence of Dental Caries and Malocclusion in a Population of Primary School Pupils in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. International Journal of Dental Sciences and Research, 6, 137-140.
[9]
Diawara, O., Sidibe, T., Ba, B., et al. (2018) Prévalence des maladies dentaires et parodontales chez les élèves de Bamako. Health Sciences and Disease, 2, 1-5.
[10]
Azodo, C.C. and Agbor, A.M. (2015) Gingival Health and Oral Hygiene Practices of Talibe in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. BMC Research Notes, 8, Article No. 385. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1350-2
[11]
Amato, J.N., Eskenazi, E.M.S., Ribeiro, S.B., et al. (2021) Examining the Relationship between Social and School Environment and Children’s Caries Experience Using Primary and Secondary Data: A Cluster Analysis. Caries Research, 55, 79-87.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000513256
[12]
Folayan, M.O., Kolawole, K.A., Oziegbe, E.O., et al. (2015) Prevalence, and Early Childhood Caries Risk Indicators in Preschool Children in Suburban Nigeria. BMC Oral Health, 15, Article No. 72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0058-y
[13]
D’Aoust, S. (2013) écoles franco-arabes publiques et daaras modernes au Sénégal: Hybridation des ordres normatifs concernant l’éducation. Cahiers de la recherche sur l’éducation et les savoirs, 12, 313-338.
[14]
Aidara, A. and Bourgeois, D. (2014) Prévalence de la carie dentaire: Etude pilote nationale comparant l’indice de sévérité de la carie (CAO) vs ICDAS au Sénégal. Odonto-stomatologie tropicale, 145, 54-63.
[15]
Dieng, S., Cisse, D., Lombrail, P. and Azogui-Lévy, S. (2020) Mothers’ Oral Health Literacy and Children’s Oral Health Status in Pikine, Senegal: A Pilot Study. PLoS ONE, 1, e0226876. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226876
[16]
Dieng, S.N., Cisse, D., Lombrail, P. and Azogui-Levy, S. (2016) Oral Health Status, Supply of Oral and Dental Care among Senegalese Children: A Review of Available Data. Public Health, 2, 257-265.
[17]
Charlier, J.é. (2004) Les écoles au Sénégal: De l’enseignement officiel au Daara, les modèles et leurs répliques. Cahiers de la recherche sur l’éducation et les savoirs, 3, 35-53.
[18]
Diop, C. (2011) Présentation du Daara de Koki, Sénégal. [Papier], Koki.
[19]
Al-Rafee, M.A., AlShammery, A.R., AlRumikan, A.S. and Pani, S.C. (2019) A Comparison of Dental Caries in Urban and Rural Children of the Riyadh Region of Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in Public Health, 7, Article No. 195.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00195
[20]
Lipsky, M.S., Su, S., Crespo, C.J. and Hung, M. (2021) Men and Oral Health: A Review of Sex and Gender Differences. American Journal of Men’s Health, 15, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883211016361
[21]
Brito, A.C.M., Bezerra, I.M., Cavalcante, D.F.B., et al. (2020) Dental Caries Experience and Associated Factors in 12-Year-Old-Children: A Population Based-Study. Brazilian Oral Research, 34, e010.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0010
[22]
Kutesa, A., Kasangaki, A., Nkamba, M., Muwazi, L., Okullo, I. and Rwenyonyi, C.M. (2015) Prevalence and Factors Associated with Dental Caries among Children and Adults in Selected Districts in Uganda. African Health Sciences, 15, 1302-1307.
[23]
Ogunbodede, E.O., Kida, I.A., Madjapa, H.S., et al. (2015) Oral Health Inequalities between Rural and Urban Populations of the African and Middle East Region. Advances in Dental Research, 1, 18-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034515575538
[24]
Natto, Z.S., Petersen, F.F. and Niccola, Q. (2014) The Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries in Chad: A Pilot Study. Nigerian Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 3, 241-244.
[25]
Akinyamoju, C.A., Dairo, D.M., Adeoye, I.A. and Akinyamoju, A.O. (2018) Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status: Survey of Talibe in Rural Communities, Southwest Nigeria. Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, 4, 239-245.
https://doi.org/10.4103/npmj.npmj_138_18
[26]
Soltani, M.R., Sayadizadeh, M., Raeisi Estabragh, S., et al. (2020) Dental Caries Status and Its Related Factors in Iran: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Dentistry, 3, 158-176.
[27]
Thang Le, V.N., Kim, J.-G., Yang, Y.-M. and Lee, D.-W. (2021) Risk Factors for Early Childhood Caries: An Umbrella Review. Pediatric Dental Journal, 3, 176-194.
