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机器翻译和学习二语的学生翻译在汉译英中面对多词单位时的母语负迁移的对比分析
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Abstract:
西交利物浦大学语言技术研究中心打算设计一个创新的应用程序，以实现自动编辑机器翻译的输出，并提高汉英双语者撰写的英语文本的语言纠正工具的准确性。作为本次西交利物浦大学的试点研究，本研究拟采用错误分析的方法，探讨机器翻译(MT)和学习第二语言的(L2)学生在汉英翻译中关于L1 (或者说源语言)的负迁移是否存在明显差异；如果存在差异，则找出负迁移的分布特征。这是一项基于语料库的研究，从15篇在线新闻报道中选取40个多词单位(MWU)。然后，采用定性和定量两种方法。实证研究占主导地位，描述性研究作为转移类型的补充。研究对象是有道在线翻译和必应在线翻译，以及西交利物浦大学的10名高年级学生。在收集了机器翻译和翻译测试的输出数据后，邀请一位母语为英文人士协助作者识别负面词汇迁移。此外，还在《近代汉语》语料库中确定了相关汉语词汇的频率。最后，本研究得到了一些有用的发现：在汉英翻译中，机器翻译和学习第二语言的学生在MWU方面确实存在明显的差异，这可以归因于MT和学生在翻译过程中的各自优势和劣势。最后，本研究对相关研究人员提出了一些启示。
XJTLU Research Centre for Language Technology intends to design an innovative application which could achieve to post edit the output of machine translation automatically, as well as improve the accuracy of language correction tools for English texts written by Chinese-English bilinguals. As a pilot study of this XJTLU’s project, the present study intends to adopt the methodology of error analysis to explore whether there is significant difference concerning the L1 (or to say, source language)’s negative transfer in Chinese-English translation between machine translation and L2 students; and if there is, then find what is the distribution feature of the negative transfer. This is a corpusbased study: 40 MWUs are selected from 15 pieces of online news reports. Then, both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed. The empirical study is dominant and descriptive study serves as additional for the transfer types. The subjects are Youdao online translation and Bing online translation, as well as 10 senior students from Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool University. After collecting data from the output of MT and translation tests, an English native speaker is invited to assist the author to identify negative lexical transfer. In addition, the relevant Chinese words’ frequency is identified in the corpus of Texts of Recent Chinese. Finally, the study gets some useful findings: significant differences concerning negative transfer in terms of MWU do exist in the Chinese-English translation between machine translation and L2 students, and that can be ascribed to the respective advantages and disadvantages of MT and students in translating process. At last, some implications are drawn from this study for relevant researchers.
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