|
|
污泥生物炭对重金属Cd2+的吸附效果及作用机理
|
Abstract:
使用450℃下热解制得的污泥生物炭(SBC)对重金属\"Cd\" 进行吸附实验，并结合各种表征方法，研究SBC对Cd2+的吸附效果及作用机理。在本研究中，在初始Cd2+浓度为20~250 mg/L，反应时间为0~1440 min，pH值(2~8)和生物炭投加量(0.2~0.8 g)下进行批次吸附实验。实验结果表明最佳投加量0.3 g，pH值对吸附效果有显著影响。拟二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温线比其他模型更符合实验数据，表明污泥生物炭的吸附主要是单层化学吸附。根据吸附动力学和等温线分析，结合SEM、BET和FTIR结果，得出污泥生物炭对Cd2+的吸附机制主要为静电吸引、阳离子-π、表面络合以及沉淀作用。本研究得出结论，即剩余污泥制得的生物炭，可以作为一种低成本的吸附剂，用于去除废水中的重金属Cd。
The sludge biochar (SBC) produced by pyrolysis at 450？C was used to adsorb heavy metal Cd. Com-bined with various characterization methods, the adsorption effect and mechanism of SBC on Cd2+ were studied. In this study, batch adsorption experiments were carried out at initial Cd2+ concen-tration of 20~250 mg/L, contact time of 0~1440 min, different pH values (2~8) and biochar dose (0.2~0.8 g). The experimental results show that the optimal dosage is 0.3 g, and the pH value has a significant effect on the adsorption effect. The pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm are more consistent with the experimental data than other models, indicating that the adsorption of sludge biochar is mainly monolayer chemical adsorption. According to the adsorption kinetics and isotherm analysis, combined with SEM, BET and FTIR results, it is concluded that the adsorption mechanism of sludge biochar on Cd2+ is mainly electrostatic attraction, cation-π, surface complexation and precipitation. This study concluded that the biochar prepared from excess sludge can be used as a low-cost adsorbent to remove heavy metal Cd in wastewater.
| [1] | Inyang, M., Gao, B., Yao, Y., et al. (2012) Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Biochars Derived from Anaerobically Digested Biomass. Bioresource Technology, 110, 50-56.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.072 |
| [2] | Bind, A., Kushwaha, A., Devi, G., et al. (2019) Biosorption Valorization of Floating and Submerged Macrophytes for Heavy-Metal Removal in a Multi-Component System. Applied Water Science, 9, Article No. 95.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-019-0976-y |
| [3] | Kumar, M., Kushwaha, A., Goswami, L., et al. (2021) A Review on Advances and Mechanism for the Phycoremediation of Cadmium Contaminated Wastewater. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 5, Article ID: 100288.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100288 |
| [4] | Liao, Q.L., et al. (2015) Association of Soil Cadmium Contamina-tion with Ceramic Industry: A Case Study in a Chinese Town. Science of the Total Environment, 514, 26-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.01.084 |
| [5] | Xiao, H., et al. (2020) Heavy Metal Pollution, Ecological Risk, Spatial Distribution, and Source Identification in Sediments of the Lijiang River, China. Environmental Pollution, 269, Article ID: 116189.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116189 |
| [6] | Zhao, J., Wu, E., Zhang, B., et al. (2021) Pollution Characteris-tics and Ecological Risks Associated with Heavy Metals in the Fuyang River System in North China. Environmental Pollution, 281, Article ID: 116994.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116994 |
| [7] | Pan, K. and Wang, W.X. (2012) Trace Metal Contamination in Estuarine and Coastal Environments in China. Science of the Total Environment, 421-422, 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.03.013 |
| [8] | Chai, W.S., Cheun, J.Y., Kumar, P.S., et al. (2021) A Review on Conventional and Novel Materials towards Heavy Metal Adsorption in Wastewater Treatment Application. Journal of Cleaner Production, 296, Article ID: 126589.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126589 |
| [9] | Chen, Q., Yao, Y., Li, X., Lu, J., Zhou, J. and Huang, Z. (2018) Comparison of Heavy Metal Removals from Aqueous Solutions by Chemical Precipitation and Characteristics of Precip-itates. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 26, 289-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.11.003 |
| [10] | Yu, Q.W., Wu, F.P., Zhang, Z.F., et al. (2020) Technical Inefficiency, Abatement Cost and Substitutability of Industrial Wa-ter Pollutants in Jiangsu Province, China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280, Article ID: 124260.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124260 |
| [11] | Luo, Z., Yao, B., Yang, X., et al. (2022) Novel Insights into the Adsorption of Organic Contaminants by Biochar: A Review. Chemosphere, 287, Article ID: 132113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132113 |
| [12] | Mohan, D., Sarswat, A., Ok, Y.S. and Pittman Jr., C.U. (2014) Organic and Inorganic Contaminants Removal from Water with Biochar, a Renewable, Low Cost and Sustainable Adsorbent—A Critical Review. Bioresource Technology, 160, 191-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.120 |
| [13] | Cha, J.S., Park, S.H., Jung, S.C., et al. (2016) Production and Utilization of Biochar: A Review. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 40, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2016.06.002 |
| [14] | Chen, Z.L., Zhang, J.Q., Huang, L., et al. (2019) Removal of Cd and Pb with Biochar Made from Dairy Manure at Low Temperature. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18, 201-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)61987-2 |
| [15] | Lagergren, S. (1898) Zur theorie der sogenannten adsorption geloster stoffe. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens. Handlingar, 24, 1-39. |
| [16] | Foo, K.Y. and Hameed, B.H. (2010) Insights into the Modeling of Adsorption Isotherm Systems. Chemical Engineering Journal, 156, 2-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2009.09.013 |
| [17] | Chen, X.J. (2015) Modeling of Experimental Adsorption Isotherm Data. Information, 6, 14-22.
https://doi.org/10.3390/info6010014 |
| [18] | Chen, T., Zhou, Z., Han, R., et al. (2015) Adsorption of Cadmium by Biochar Derived from Municipal Sewage Sludge: Impact Factors and Adsorption Mechanism. Chemosphere, 134, 286-293.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.052 |
| [19] | Liu, R., Wang, H., Han, L., Hu, B. and Qiu, M. (2021) Reductive and Adsorptive Elimination of U(VI) Ions in Aqueous Solution by SFeS@Biochar Composites. Environmen-tal Science and Pollution Research, 28, 55176-55185.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14835-0 |
| [20] | Meng, J., et al. (2014) Adsorption Characteristics of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution onto Biochar Derived from Swine Manure. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21, 7035-7046. |
| [21] | Qiu, Y., Cheng, H., Xu, C. and Sheng, G.D. (2008) Surface Characteristics of Crop-Residue-Derived Black Carbon and Lead(II) Adsorption. Water Research, 42, 567-574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.051 |
| [22] | Liu, G., Song, Y., Sheng, H., et al. (2019) Adsorption Kinetics of 2,2’,4,4’-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47) on Maize Straw-Derived Biochars. Pedosphere, 29, 721-729. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(18)60063-3 |
| [23] | Zhang, F., Wang, X., Yin, D., et al. (2015) Efficiency and Mechanisms of Cd Removal from Aqueous Solution by Biochar Derived from Water Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes). Journal of Environmental Management, 153, 68-73.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.01.043 |
| [24] | Cui, X., Fang, S., Yao, Y., et al. (2016) Potential Mechanisms of Cadmium Removal from Aqueous Solution by Canna indica Derived Biochar. Science of the Total Environment, 562, 517-525.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.248 |
| [25] | Zhang, L., Cao, S., Li, Z., et al. (2021) Pore Structure of Sludge Char and Simultaneously NO Removal Characteristics in the Treated Flue Gas from Ca-L. Fuel, 289, Article ID: 119937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119937 |
| [26] | Jing, F., et al. (2018) Insight into Mechanism of Aged Biochar for Adsorption of PAEs: Reciprocal Effects of Ageing and Coexisting Cd2+. Environmental Pollution, 242, 1098-1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.124 |
| [27] | Yin, K., Wang, J., Zhai, S., et al. (2022) Adsorption Mechanisms for Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions by Oxidant-Modified Biochar Derived from Platanus orientalis Linn Leaves. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 428, Article ID: 128261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128261 |
| [28] | Zhang, L., et al. (2020) Preparation of Biochar by Mango Peel and Its Adsorption Characteristics of Cd(II) in Solution. RSC Advances, 10, 35878-35888. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RA06586B |
| [29] | López, J.E., Builes, S., Salgado, M.A.H., et al. (2020) Adsorption of Cadmium Using Biochars Produced from Agro-Residues. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 124, 14592-14602. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c02216 |
| [30] | Chang, R., Sohi, S.P., Jing, F., et al. (2019) A Comparative Study on Biochar Properties and Cd Adsorption Behavior under Effects of Ageing Processes of Leaching, Acidification and Oxidation. Environmental Pollution, 254, Article ID: 113123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113123 |
