口服可乐定联合左旋多巴(L-dopa)在矮小儿童生长激素激发试验中的观察与护理对策 Observation and Nursing Countermeasures of Oral Clonidine Combined with Levodopa (L-dopa) in Growth Hormone Provocative Tests in Short Children
目的：通过总结53例口服可乐定联合左旋多巴(L-dopa)进行生长激素激发试验的护理经验，探讨安全、顺利完成可乐定联合左旋多巴(L-dopa)对矮小患儿进行生长激素激发试验观察与护理对策。方法：回顾性分析我院自2020年1月~2021年10月收治住院的53例矮小症患儿，口服可乐定加左旋多巴(L-dopa)进行生长激素激发试验，分别于用药前、用药后30、60、90、120 min各抽取2 mL血液检测生长激素水平。基于可乐定和左旋多巴(L-dopa)的不良反应包括低血压、腹痛、嗜睡、恶心、呕吐等，统计不良反应的发生情况，采取试验前中后有效的试验药物不良反应的预防、观察与护理干预。结果：53例患儿激发试验顺利完成，在试验过程中出现程度不同的嗜睡、腹痛、血压轻度到中度降低、恶心、呕吐等症状。其中1例发生过敏反应，表现为唇周瘙痒，为试验30 min；1例呕吐，为试验30 min，需重新口服可乐定及左旋多巴；1例腹痛，为试验后180 min，需口服诺什帕缓解。经过有效护理，均未发生严重不良反应。结论：口服可乐定联合左旋多巴(L-dopa)行生长激素激发试验方法简单、有效、安全可行，通过有效观察，按照一定的护理步骤和护理要点，可使生长激素激发试验更安全，患儿更舒适、依从性更高、满意度更高。
Objective: To investigate the
observation and nursing countermeasures of growth hormone provocation test in
short children with short stature by summarizing the nursing experience of 53
cases of oral clonidine combined with levodopa (L-dopa) for growth hormone
provocative tests. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of 53 children
with short stature admitted to hospital from January 2020 to October 2021. Oral
clonidine combined with levodopa (L-dopa) is performed for growth hormone
provocation test. 2 mL of blood was drawn before and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min
after medication to detect growth hormone levels. Adverse reactions based on
clonidine and levodopa (L-dopa) include hypotension, abdominal pain,
drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, etc. The occurrence of adverse reactions was
counted, and the prevention, observation, and nursing interventions of
effective experimental drug adverse reactions before and after the trial were taken. Results: The provocative test of 53
children was successfully completed, but during the trial, the children experienced symptoms, such as
drowsiness, abdominal pain, hypotension, nausea and vomiting. One of
them developed an allergic reaction at 30 minutes of the trial and was
manifested by perialial itching; one case vomited at 30 minutes of the trial
and needed to be re-administered oral clonidine and levodopa; and one case
developed abdominal pain 180 minutes after the test and required oral noshpa
relief. After effective care, none of the study subjects had serious adverse
reactions. Conclusion: Oral clonidine combined with levodopa (L-dopa) growth
hormone provocative test method is simple, effective, safe and feasible.
Through effective observation, following certain nursing steps and nursing
points, growth hormone provocation tests can be made safer, and children can be
more comfortable, more compliant, and more satisfied.
