本文采用内容分析法和文献研究法，对人教版和北师大版有关分数的认识及其相关内容进行了对比分析，通过对内容结构、探究内容两方面的研究，比较不同版本的异同点，所得结果能为今后教学活动的开展提供一定的理论借鉴。本文对分数认识的相关内容进行了深入分析对比，研究发现两版教材具有相同点：1) 两版教材的内容结构都分为第一学段和第二学段，知识编排都是呈螺旋上升的方式；2) 教材的教学活动层层深入，符合数学学科的逻辑以及学生的认知发展规律；3) 两版教材都是通过学生熟悉的生活情景引入知识点，不仅有利于学生理解，还可以引起学生的学习兴趣；不同点主要表现在两方面：1) 两版教材中部分内容的编排顺序不同；2) 部分知识点的引入设计不同。
This paper adopts content analysis method and literature research method, making a comparative analysis of the understanding and related content of fractions between PEP and BNUP, comparing the similarities and differences among different versions through the comparative study of content structure and inquiry content, and the results may provide certain theoretical teaching activities in the future. This paper makes an indepth analysis and comparison of the relevant content of fraction recognition, and finds that there are similarities between the two editions of textbooks: 1) The content structure of the two editions is divided into the first learning section and the second learning section, and the knowledge arrangement is in a spiral way. 2) The teaching activities of the teaching materials are gradually indepth, in line with the logic of mathematics and the law of students’ cognitive development. 3) Both textbooks introduce knowledge points through students’ familiar life scenes, which is not only conducive to students’ understanding, but also can arouse students’ interest in learning. The differences are mainly manifested in two aspects: 1) The arrangement order of some contents in the two editions is different. 2) The introduction design of some knowledge points is different.
