“双减”政策下学科类校外培训机构监管研究：基于法学视角的分析 Research on the Supervision of Off-Campus Curriculum Subject-Tutoring Institutions under “Double Reduction” Policy: An Analysis from the Perspective of Law
“双减”政策引发了校外学科类培训机构的市场退出或转型经营，并因此推动了学科类校外培训机构监管的必然转变，目前地方政府在落实“双减”政策过程中探索出不尽相同的监管路径，但监管实践表明我国学科类培训机构的监管体系尚存诸多不足。由此，笔者基于《关于进一步减轻义务教育阶段学生作业负担和校外培训负担的意见》文本及成渝两地的实证考察资料分析，开展“双减”政策下学科类校外培训机构监管理论研究。本文系统分析了学科类校外培训机构的社会现实需求及地方行政监管部门在推进政策落实过程中所存在的治理思路和治理手段问题，在反思目前行政监管失当的现实实践的基础上，以法学视角审视了目前行政监管的法治化缺漏，最后从监管立法完善、监管主体明晰、监管内容明确、监管方式改进四方面试提出“双减”下学科类校外培训机构监管的法治化对策，以期实现科学有效的法治化长效监管机制，助力教育事业健康有序发展。
The “double reduction” policy has triggered the market withdrawal or transformation of off-campus curriculum subject-tutoring institutions, and thus promoted the inevitable transformation of the supervision of off-campus curriculum subject-tutoring institutions. At present, local governments have explored different supervision paths in the process of implementing the “double reduction” policy, but the supervision practice shows that there are still many deficiencies in the supervision system of off-campus curriculum subject-tutoring institutions in China. Therefore, based on the text of “opinions on further reducing students’ homework burden and after-school training burden in the stage of compulsory education” and the empirical investigation data of Chengdu and Chongqing, the author carries out the theoretical research on the supervision of off-campus curriculum subject-tutoring institutions under the “double reduction” policy. This paper systematically analyzes the social practical needs of discipline after-school training institutions and the governance ideas and means of local administrative supervision departments in promoting the implementation of policies. On the basis of reflecting on the current practical practice of improper administrative supervision, this paper examines the shortcomings of the legalization of administrative supervision from the perspective of law. Finally, from the aspects of better supervision legislation, clear supervision subject, clear supervision content Improve the supervision mode, and put forward the legalization countermeasures for the supervision of off-campus curriculum subject-tutoring institutions under the “double reduction”, in order to realize a scientific and effective legalization long-term supervision mechanism and help the healthy and orderly development of education.
