|
|
童年主观社会经济地位与生活满意度的关系：一个有调节的中介模型
|
Abstract:
为探讨童年生活经历与生活满意度的关系及其作用机制，本文对5911名被试进行调查。结果表明：1) 在控制年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、社会经济地位的条件下，童年生活经历显著正向预测生活满意度；2) 童年生活经历通过挣钱动机的中介作用预测生活满意度；3) 挣钱动机的中介作用受到敬畏感的调节。具体来说，相对于低敬畏感的被试，高敬畏感的被试的挣钱动机对生活满意度的预测作用更大。研究结果有助于转化不利的童年生活经历为优势，从而提升生活满意度。
To investigate the relationship between subjective socioeconomic status and life satisfaction in childhood and its mechanism, 5911 participants were investigated. The results showed that: 1) childhood subjective socioeconomic status significantly positively predicted life satisfaction under the control of age, gender, marital status, education level and socioeconomic status; 2) life experience in childhood predicted life satisfaction through the mediating effect of motives for making money; 3) The mediating role of earning motivation is moderated by the sense of awe. Specifically, compared with the participants with low sense of awe, the motives for making money are a greater predictor of life satisfaction for the participants with high sense of awe. This study is helpful to transform unfavorable childhood life experiences into an advantage, thus improving life satisfaction.
| [1] | 李莹(2013). 生活满意度及其影响因素研究. 社科纵横, (7), 80-82. |
| [2] | 林丽华, 甘明星, 郭治斌, 张本钰, 江琴(2020). 心理虐待与忽视对青少年非自杀性自伤行为的影响: 有调节的中介效应. 中国临床心理学杂, 28(6), 1140-1143. |
| [3] | 孟莉(2012). 成就感问卷编制及其与成就动机, 社会经济地位的关系研究. 硕士学位论文, 苏州: 苏州大学. |
| [4] | 欧阳益, 吴明霞, 张大均, 胡姗姗, 朱毅(2009). 大学生自我复杂性与主观幸福感的关系. 心理发展与教育, 25(2), 97-102. |
| [5] | 宋瑞(2021). 时间、收入、休闲与生活满意度: 基于结构方程模型的实证研究. 财贸经济, 35(6), 100-110. |
| [6] | 俞诗怡(2019). 敬畏感在自恋特质与冲动性消费间的作用: 一个有中介的调节模型. 硕士学位论文, 杭州: 浙江大学. |
| [7] | 张紫薇, 余春艳, 袁萍, 廉启国, 楼超华, 涂晓雯, 等(2019). 儿童期不良经历与青春早期抑郁的关联性. 中国学校卫生, 40(6), 874-877. |
| [8] | 庄文婷, 李彦鑫, 姜涛, 汤晶(2020). 大学生童年期负性生活事件人格特征与自杀意念关系. 中国学校卫生, 41(2), 254-257. |
| [9] | 周佳惠(2019). 大学新生主观社会经济地位对抑郁的影响: 自尊的中介作用. 心理技术与应用, 7(8), 455-461. |
| [10] | 季善玲, 王惠萍(2018). 儿童期不良经历与抑制能力关系的事件相关电位研究. 中国学校卫生, 39(11), 1167-1170. |
| [11] | 叶巍岭, 周欣悦, 黄蓉(2018). 敬畏感的复杂性及其在消费行为领域的研究展望. 外国经济与管理, 471(5), 70-84. |
| [12] | 张俊杰, 汪海彬, 姚本先(2009). 大学生生活满意度与生活事件的关系研究. 心理研究, 2(5), 1-95. |
| [13] | 李双双(2021). 大学生敬畏感与学业成绩的关系: 学习投入的中介作用. 北京印刷学院学报, 29(S1), 145-147. |
| [14] | Anderson, C. L., Monroy, M., & Keltner, D. (2018). Awe in Nature Heals: Evidence from Military Veterans, At-Risk Youth, and College Students. Emotion, 18, 1195-1202. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000442 |
| [15] | Anderson, C., Hildreth, J. A. D., & Howland, L. (2015). Is the Desire for Status a Fundamental Human Motive? A Review of the Empirical Literature. Psychological Bulletin, 141, 574-601. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038781 |
| [16] | Boylan, J. M., Cundiff, T. E., Fuller-Rowell, & Ryff, C. D. (2020). Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Inflammation: Psychological Moderators among Black and White Americans. Health Psychology: Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 39, 497-508. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000866 |
| [17] | Bradley, R. H., & Corwyn, R. F. (2002). Socioeconomic Status and Child Development. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 371-399. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135233 |
| [18] | Claire, P., & Vassilis, S. (2016). Awe’s Effects on Generosity and Helping. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11, 1-9.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2015.1127992 |
| [19] | Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J. et al. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75. |
| [20] | Frijters, P., Johnston, D., & Shields, M. (2014). Does Childhood Predict Adult Life Satisfaction? Evidence from British Cohort Surveys. The Economic Journal, 124, F688-F719. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12085 |
| [21] | Griskevicius, V., Delton, A. W., Robertson, T. E., & Tybur, J. M. (2011a). Environmental Contingency in Life History Strategies: The Influence of Mortality and Socioeconomic Status on Reproductive Timing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021082 |
| [22] | Griskevicius, V., Tybur, J. M., Delton, A. W., & Robertson, T. E. (2011b). The Influence of Mortality and Socioeconomic Status on Risk and Delayed Rewards: A Life History Theory Approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 1015-1026. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022403 |
| [23] | Hackman, D. A., & Farah, M. J. (2009). Socioeconomic Status and the Developing Brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13, 65-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2008.11.003 |
| [24] | Hu, J., Yang, Y., Jing, F., & Nguyen, B. (2018). Awe, Spirituality and Conspicuous Consumer Behaviour. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42, 829-839. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12470 |
| [25] | Joshanloo, M., Sirgy, M. J., & Park, J. (2018). Directionality of the Rela-tionship between Social Well-Being and Subjective Well-Being: Evidence from a 20-Year Longitudinal Study. Quality of Life Research, 27, 2137-2145.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-018-1865-9 |
| [26] | Keltner, D., & Haidt, J. (2003). Approaching Awe, a Moral, Spiritual, and Aesthetic Emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 17, 297-314. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930302297 |
| [27] | Landry, A. T., Kindlein, J., Trépanier, S. G., Forest, J., Zigarmi, D., Houson, D., & Brodlbeck, F. C. (2016). Why Individuals Want Money Is What Matters: Using Self-Determination Theory to Explain the Differential Relationship between Motives for Making Money and Employee Psychological Health. Motivation & Emotion, 20, 1-17. |
| [28] | Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A Theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance. Prentice Hall. |
| [29] | Makriyianis, H. M., Adams, E. A., Lozano, L. L., Mooney, T. A., & Liss, M. (2019). Psychological Inflexibility Mediates the Relationship between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Outcomes. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 14, 82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.09.007 |
| [30] | Quon, E. C., & McGrath, J. J. (2014). Subjective Socioeconomic Status and Adolescent Health: A Meta-Analysis. Health Psychology, 33, 433-447. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033716 |
| [31] | Robak, R. W., Chiff Riller, S. H., & Zappone, M. C. (2007). College Stu-dents’ Motivations for Money and Subjective Well-Being. Psychological Reports, 100, 147-156. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.1.147-156 |
| [32] | Shin, D. C., & Johnson, D. M. (1978). Avowed Happiness as an Overall Assessment of the Quality of Life. Social Indicators Research, 5, 475-492. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00352944 |
| [33] | Singh-Manoux, A., Adler, N. E., & Marmot, M. G. (2003). Subjective Social Status: Its Determinants and Its Association with Measures of Ill-Health in the White Hall II Study. Social Science &Medicine, 56, 1321-1333.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00131-4 |
| [34] | Srivastava, A., Locke, E. A., & Bartol, K. M. (2001). Money and Subjective Well-Being: It’s Not the Money, It’s the Motives. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 959-971. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.6.959 |
| [35] | Tian, Y., & Lu, D. (2015). The Experimental Research on the Influence of Materialism and the Emotion of Awe on Life Satisfaction and Products Preference. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 3, 138-145. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2015.310020 |
| [36] | Zhao, N., Lai, H., & Zhao, R. (2020). The Relationship between Motives for Making Money and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from 31 Cities in China. PsyCh Journal, 10, 76-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.381 |
