Background: Different studies have demonstrated high prevalence of HPV infection and dysplastic lesions of the cervix in immunocompromised patient such as women living with HIV. Is this high prevalence due to a greater susceptibility to HPV infection, which is known to be frequent in its latent form in women? Objective: This study aims to identify HPV genotypes in HIV+ and HIV− women to understand HPV molecular epidemiology in Senegal. Material and Method: Endocervical samples from 331 HIV+ and HIV− women, sexually active, were collected. The molecular identification of the 28 genotypes studied (19 HPV-HR and 9 HPV-LR) was carried out after DNA extraction, by multiplex PCR with the Anyplex™ II HPV28 detection kit from Seegene on CFX96™ Bio-Rad machine. The comparisons were made by calculating the p-value and odds ratio with R Studio software (version 4.1.0). The results were considered significant if p < 0.05. Results: The general prevalence of HPV was significantly higher in HIV+ women with 78.95% vs 64.65% for HPV; 72.18% vs 57.07% for HPV-HR; 57.14% vs 34.34% for HPV-BR (p < 0.05). Among the 28 genotypes studied, all were more frequent in HIV+ patients except HPV59, HPV66, HPV68, HPV69, HPV11 and HPV26. The most frequently found genotype was HPV56 and non-vaccine genotypes were among the most frequent. Co-infection was also more frequent in HIV+ women (p < 0.001). The study of socio-demographic factors revealed that HIV+ women aged between 35 and 50, married and using contraception were significantly more infected with HPV than the same strata of HIV− women. Conclusion: Our results showed that the prevalence of HPV, HPV-HR and HPV-BR was significantly higher in HIV+ women. Non-vaccine genotypes were among the most found genotypes. Groups of HIV+ women aged between 35 and 50,
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