基于语料库的日语移动表达的视点分析——以时间语义范畴上的“-tekuru”为例
A Corpus-Based Perspective Analysis of Japanese Motion Expression—Taking “-tekuru” in Temporal Semantics Category as Example

自大江(1975)、久野(1978)等研究将视点这一概念运用到日语语言学领域以来，日语语言学界对于视点的研究讨论得到了蓬勃的发展。古贺(2018)在前人的基础上将视点理论进行了发展，他指出视点中包含了“视点主体”、“视座”、“注视点”、“视野”与“外观”五个要素。本文以时间语义范畴上的“-tekuru”为研究对象，通过调查大规模语料库对其意义用法进行分析，并探讨各用法与视点五要素的哪一个要素最有关联，从视点理论的角度来区分各用法。分析表明，时间语义范畴上的“-tekuru”有“状态性质的变化”、“状态程度的变化”、“动作或状态的持续”和“动作或状态的重复”四种用法，各用法的语义与“注视点”这一要素最具有关联，我们可以通过“注视点”的差异来区分“-tekuru”的不同用法。
Perspective analysis has been widely used in Japanese linguistics since Ooe (1975) and Kuno (1978) applied this approach to the field. Koga (2018) further developed the approach by pointing out five major factors of a perspective, i.e. “perspective subject”, “perspective position”, “focus point”, “vision” and “visible object”. This paper will focus on temporal semantics of the “-tekuru” construction and analyze its usages and meaning with large-scale corpus data. We will distinguish different usages of the construction using perspective analysis and discuss which one of the five major factors is most relevant to its meaning. According to the results, “-tekuru” has four major usages in terms of temporal semantics: “change of state”, “change of degree”, “continuation of action or state” and “repetition of action or state”. “Focus point” is found to be most relevant to different usages of the construction. We can distinguish the four usages according to their different “focus point”.