农村剩余劳动力转移过程中人力资源开发问题研究——以我国东、中、西部为例
A Study on Human Resource Development in the Process of Transfer of Rural Surplus Labor Force—Taking Eastern, Central and Western China for Example

随着我国经济的持续发展，党和国家一直以来都十分重视农村和农业的发展问题。加快农业转移人口市民化，要打赢脱贫攻坚战，进行教育扶贫，切实降低农村学生辍学率等字眼多次出现在国家战略计划中，但我国农村长期存在着农民的科学文化素质不高，结构性失衡等现象，导致了农村经济发展缓慢以及农民长期的低收入。伴随着经济的迅猛发展，大量的农村劳动力为增加基本收入而选择了迁往城市，即便如此，农村仍有大量的劳动力剩余。因此，增加农民收入以及发展农村经济的重要途径就是对这部分农村剩余劳动力进行有效合理的转移。生产力中最活跃的因素是人，所以发展生产力的关键就是要进行人力资源开发。我国农村人口数量庞大，并且每年都在增加。对农村人力资源进行充分的开发才能够使农村剩余劳动力不成为农业经济发展的障碍。通过人力资源开发培养具有时代气息的高素质农民来促进我国全面建成小康社会战略目标的实现。本文以我国农村剩余劳动力的现状作为研究的出发点，分析了农村剩余劳动力转移过程中人力资源开发的问题；最后从实际出发，针对农村人力资源开发过程中所存在的问题提出了相关的建议，望能为更好地开发农村人力资源提供参考。
With the continuous development of China’s economy, the Party and the State have always attached great importance to the development of rural areas and agriculture. Accelerating transforming rural population into permanent urban residents, winning the tough battle against poverty, educational poverty alleviation, and decreasing dropout rates of rural students, have appeared in the national strategic plan many times, but there are long-standing phenomena such as the low scientific and cultural quality of farmers and structural imbalance in China’s rural areas, which have led to the slowly developing rural economy as well as the low income of farmers. Along with the rapid development of economy, a large number of rural laborers have chosen to move to cities in order to increase their basic income, and in spite of this, there is still a large surplus of laborers in rural areas. Therefore, an important way to increase farmers’ income and develop rural economy is to transfer this surplus rural labor force effectively and reasonably. Man is the most active element in the productive forces, so the key to developing productivity is to develop human resources. China’s rural population is huge and is increasing every year. It is only through adequate development of rural human resources that the surplus rural labor force will not become an obstacle to the development of agricultural economy. Through human resource development, we can cultivate high-quality farmers with contemporary atmosphere to promote the realization of the strategic goal of building a moderately prosperous society in China. This paper takes the current situation of rural surplus labor force in China as the starting point of the study and analyzes the problems of human resource development in the process of rural surplus labor force transfer; finally, from the practical point of view, it puts forward relevant suggestions for the problems in the process of rural human resource development, hoping to provide reference for better development of rural human resources.