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大学生社会节奏与积极心理健康的四年纵向研究
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Abstract:
目的：探讨大学生社会节奏和由心理韧性和生活满意度组成的积极心理健康之间的关系。方法：选取1604名大学生，以社会节奏问卷、心理韧性问卷和生活满意度问卷为工具，连续四年进行纵向追踪研究。运用SPSS26.0和Amose22.0，采用重复测量方差分析、相关分析和交叉滞后分析等方法对数据进行分析处理。结果：社会节奏和积极心理健康在四年的时间里存在上下波动；当使用心理韧性和生活满意度组成积极心理健康时，社会节奏和积极心理健康之间的预测关系随时间推移而变化，即第一年社会节奏和第二年积极心理健康不能相互预测；第二年的社会节奏能够显著预测第三年积极心理健康(β = 0.09, p< 0.01)；第三年社会节奏能显著预测第四年的积极心理健康(β = ？0.12, p < 0.01)，第三年的积极心理健康也能显著预测第四年的社会节奏(β = ？0.08, p < 0.05)。结论：大学生的社会节奏、心理韧性和生活满意度在大学四年期间会随着时间的变化而变化。使用心理韧性和生活满意度作为积极心理健康的组成部分时，社会节奏和积极心理健康之间存在相互预测的关系，且随时间推移产生变化。
Objective: To explore the relationship between social rhythm and positive mental health (com-posed of mental resilience and life satisfaction) of college students. Methods: 1604 college stu-dents were sampled to conduct a longitudinal study for four consecutive years with the Social Rhythm Questionnaire, Psychological Resilience Questionnaire and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using SPSS26.0 and Amose22.0. Results: Social rhythm and positive mental health fluctuated over a four-year period; when mental resilience and life satisfaction were used as components of positive mental health, the predicted relationship between social rhythm and positive mental health changed over time, which meant that social rhythm in the first year and positive mental health in the second year could not be predicted mutually; social rhythm in the second year significantly predicted positive mental health in the third year (β = 0.09, p < 0.01); social rhythm in the third year could significantly predict the positive mental health in the fourth year (β = ？0.12, p < 0.01); and the positive mental health in the third year could also significantly predict the social rhythm in the fourth year (β = ？0.08, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The social rhythm, mental resilience and life satisfaction of college students change with time during the four years of college. When mental resilience and life satisfaction are used as components of positive mental health, there is a mutual predictive relationship between social rhythm and positive mental health, and it changes over time.
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