基于ANSYS WorkBench的塔式起重机标准节的模态分析与优化设计
Modal Analysis and Structural Optimization of a Standard Section of Tower Crane Based on ANSYS WorkBench

塔式起重机作为一种高耸设备，经常装备于码头、矿山和建筑工地中。随着我国社会经济的发展，高层建筑逐渐增多，对高层建筑的需求也进一步加大，因此对塔式起重机的性能要求和安全要求也逐步提高。由于建筑层数越来越多，建筑高度不断升高，塔式起重机的高度也随之增加，与此同时，风载荷和风振效应的影响也随之增大。为了研究塔式起重机在强风作用下的振动特性，以减少因为风载荷带来的损失，本文在三维软件SolidWorks中建立了塔式起重机一个标准节的几何模型，然后将模型导入ANSYS WorkBench基于有限元进行约束模态分析，对塔式起重机的一个标准节的固有频率和振型进行了详细讨论，最后，在保证一个标准节性能不变的前提下，对现有的标准节提出了3种优化设计并进行分析，为进一步解决塔式起重机标准节的振动问题提供理论基础，为结构改进提供参考。
As a kind of towering equipment, tower crane is often equipped in docks, mines and construction sites. With the development of China’s social economy, high-rise buildings are gradually increasing, and the demand for high-rise buildings is further increasing. Therefore, the performance and safety requirements of tower crane are also gradually improved. Due to the increasing number of building floors and the continuous rise of building height, the height of tower crane also increases. At the same time, the influence of wind load and wind vibration effect also increases. In order to study the vibration characteristics of tower crane under strong wind and reduce the loss caused by wind load, the geometric model of a standard section of tower crane is established in the three-dimensional Software SolidWorks, and then the model is imported into ANSYS Workbench for constrained modal analysis based on finite element, The natural frequency and vibration mode of a standard section of tower crane are discussed in detail. Finally, on the premise of ensuring the performance of a standard section unchanged, three optimization designs are proposed and analyzed for the existing standard section, which provides a theoretical basis for further solving the vibration problem of tower crane standard section and a reference for structural improvement.