|
|
群际接触对外显和内隐地域刻板印象的影响：以上海高校大学生为例
|
Abstract:
采用问卷法、刻板解释偏差法和访谈法研究上海高校本外地生混寝和非混寝两种寝室安排下的不同年级本地生和外地生对彼此外显和内隐刻板印象的存在性和影响因素。结果发现：两群体间存在外显和内隐刻板印象；大二年级学生表现出更强的刻板印象水平且混寝一定程度上加深丰富了刻板印象；父母言传身教、学校寝室安排、社会宣传均对外群体刻板印象水平有一定影响；群体刻板印象一但形成较难改变，需进一步举办相关活动等，增强内心层面上的相互理解。
Using questionnaire method, stereotyped interpretation deviation method and interview method to study the existence and influence of different grades of local and non-local students on each other’s explicit and implicit stereotypes under the two dormitory arrangements of mixed dormitory and non-mixed dormitory for students in Shanghai colleges and universities factor, the results found that: there are explicit and implicit stereotypes between the two groups; sophomores show stronger levels of stereotypes and the mixed dormitory has deepened and enriched the stereotypes to a certain extent; parents’ words and deeds, school dormitory arrangements, and social propaganda all have a certain impact on the level of stereotypes of external groups; once stereotypes are formed, it is difficult to change, and further related activities need to be held to enhance mutual understanding at the inner level.
| [1] | 李亚红(2005). 人格测量中社会期许式作答问题的研究与进展. 中国临床康复, 9(8), 119-121. |
| [2] | 杨治良, 邹庆宇(2008). 内隐地域刻板印象的IAT和SEB比较研究. 心理科学, 30(6), 1314-1320. |
| [3] | 俞海运, 梁宁建(2005). 刻板解释偏差测量. 心理科学, 28(1), 42-44. |
| [4] | 梅月(2011). 共情对大学生地域刻板印象的影响(pp. 3-4). 硕士学位论文, 苏州: 苏州大学. |
| [5] | Gardner, R. C., Kirby, D. M., Gorospe, F. H., & Villamin, A. C. (1972). Ethnic Stereotypes: An Alternative Assessment Technique, the Stereotype Differential. Journal of Social Psychology, 87, 259-267.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1972.9922520 |
| [6] | Gomez, A., & Huici, C. (2008). Vicarious Intergroup Contact and the Role of Authorities in Prejudice Reduction. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 1, 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600004169 |
| [7] | Hamilton, D. L., & Trolier, T. K. (1986). Stereotypes and Stereotyping: An Overview of the Cognitive Approach. In J. F. Dovidio, & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, Discrimination and Racism (pp. 127-163). Academic Press. |
| [8] | Hastie, R. (1984). Causes and Effects of Causal Attribution. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 44-56.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.46.1.44 |
| [9] | Kulik, J. A. (1983). Confirmatory Attribution and the Perpetuation of Social Beliefs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1171-1181. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.6.1171 |
| [10] | Lee, A. Y. (2010). The Mere Exposure Effect: An Uncertainty Reduction Explanation Revisited. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1255-1266. https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672012710002 |
| [11] | Levin, S., Sinclair, S., & Van Laar, C. (2005). The Effect of University Roommate Contact on Ethnic Attitudes and Behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 329-345. |
| [12] | Metalsky, G. I., Abramson, L. Y., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1982). Attributional Styles and Life Events in the Classroom: Vulnerability and Invulnerability to Depressive Mood Reactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 612-617.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.43.3.612 |
| [13] | Ortiz, M., & Harwood, J. (2007). A Social Cognitive Theory Approach to the Effects of Mediated Intergroup Contact on Intergroup Attitudes. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 51, 615-631.
https://doi.org/10.1080/08838150701626487 |
| [14] | Sekaquaptewa, D., Espinaza, P., Thompson, M., Vargas, P., & von Hippel, W. (2003). Stereotypic Explanatory Bias: Implicit Stereotyping as a Predictor of Discrimination. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 75-82.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1031(02)00512-7 |
