绿色环保型三元共聚物阻垢剂的合成及其性能研究
Study on Synthesis and Properties of Green Environmental Friendly Terpolymer Scale Inhibitor

以衣康酸(IA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)和3-烯丙氧基-2-羟基-1-丙磺酸钠(AHPSE)为原料，过硫酸钾(K₂S₂O₈)为引发剂，异丙醇为链转移剂，通过水溶液自由基聚合的方法合成新型绿色无磷的三元共聚物阻垢剂IA-AM-AHPSE。以碳酸钙阻垢率为评价标准，利用单因素法讨论了聚合工艺条件对共聚物阻垢效果的影响，得出最佳聚合工艺条件。结果表明，n (IA):n (AM):n (AHPSE)为5:0.6:1，引发剂用量为10%，反应时间为4 h，链转移剂用量为9%，反应温度为70℃，合成的共聚物阻垢性能最佳，在用量为120 mg/L时对碳酸钙的阻垢率能达到65%。通过X射线粉末衍射仪和电子扫描电镜对阻垢剂机理进行探究。结果表明，合成的新型阻垢剂对水中碳酸钙垢的阻垢机理主要为晶格畸变作用减少晶体密集度，从而使结垢松散，不易聚集。
A new green phosphorus free terpolymer scale inhibitor IA-AM-AHPSE was synthesized by aqueous radical polymerization with itaconic acid (IA), acrylamide (AM) and sodium 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonate (AHPSE) as raw materials, potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈) as initiator and isopropanol as chain transfer agent. Taking the scale inhibition rate of calcium carbonate as the evaluation standard, the influence of polymerization process conditions on the scale inhibition effect of copolymer was discussed by single factor method, and the optimum polymerization process conditions were obtained. The results show that n (IA):n (AM):n (AHPSE) is 5:0.6:1, the amount of initiator is 10%, the reaction time is 4 hours, the amount of chain transfer agent is 9%, and the reaction temperature is 70？C. The scale inhibition performance of the synthesized copolymer is the best. When the amount is 120 mg/L, the scale inhibition rate of calcium carbonate can reach 65%. The mechanism of scale inhibitor was studied by X-ray powder diffractometer and electron scanning electron microscope. The results show that the scale inhibition mechanism of the synthesized new scale inhibitor on calcium carbonate scale in water is mainly lattice distortion, reducing crystal density, so that the scale is loose and not easy to aggregate.