基于“三点四域法”的城市地区雨水控制技术分析
Analysis on Control Technique of Urban Rainfall-Based on Three Points Four Domains Approach

介绍用于管理不同类型降雨事件的“三点四域”法，基于风险、降雨量，将降雨事件分为四个关键部分，论述了不同类型降雨事件下的控制与管理措施及应用现状，并提出了对城市地区雨水尤其是超标降雨情况下的控制技术，以期应对不同的降雨事件。以上海市某地区为例，构建InfoWorks ICM模型，进行20年一遇降雨情景下的内涝模拟，获得易涝点分布。并根据内涝区域的道路情况分析和水文分析，设置道路行泄通道系统、绿地储水设施，构建水力耦合排涝模型。案例分析表明，基于水力耦合排涝模型，通过“三点四域法”对城市地区雨水控制技术设计分析，使得对城市雨水管理更为系统、合理。
The article describes the three points four domains approach used to manage different rainfall events. The approach divides rainfall events into four key parts based on risk and rainfall and discusses the control and management measures and application status of different rainfall events. Then the article proposes some control measures for urban rainfall to deal with different rainfall events, especially in the case of exceedance. In a case study in Shanghai, a hydraulic model of storm water pipeline based on InfoWorks ICM was constructed to simulate waterlogging for a 20-year rainfall scenario, and the distribution of waterlogging prone points was identified. According to the vertical and hydrologic analysis of waterlogging area, the roadway drainage path system and the grass for storage water were set up to build the hydraulic coupled drainage model. The case study indicates that the three points four domains approach used to manage exceedance based on the coupled hydraulic model considered hydrodynamic interaction between open channel flow and pipeline pressure flow and their flow exchange, reflected the actual running state of the combined drainage system of road and pipeline under the condition of extreme heavy rain, which make the design more systematic and reasonable.