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西安市水资源生态足迹与生态承载力分析
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Abstract:
为定量评价西安市水资源的可持续发展状态，本文分析和评估了西安市2010~2020年水资源生态足迹与生态承载力等多项指标，并应用LMDI法剖析了水资源生态足迹的影响因素。研究显示：1) 2010~2020年间水资源生态足迹呈先逐年上升后略有下降的趋势；降水量对水资源生态承载力有较大影响，二者呈明显的正相关趋势。2) 除2011年外，水资源生态盈亏均处赤字状态；水资源生态压力指数有波动下降趋势；万元GDP水资源生态足迹亦呈缓慢下降趋势。3) 生产用水生态足迹在总水资源生态足迹中占比最大，生态用水足迹占比逐年上升；一产用水生态足迹占比呈现缓慢下降，二、三产占比波动上升。4) 经济因素是西安市水资源生态足迹增长的最主要驱动因子。技术因素对其增长有抑制作用。
To quantitatively evaluate the sustainable development status of water resources in Xi’an, various indicators such as the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of water resources were analyzed and evaluated, and the LMDI method was applied to analyze the influencing factors of the ecological footprint of water resources in Xi’an from 2010 to 2020. The results show that: 1) From 2010 to 2020, the ecological footprint of water resources showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing slightly; precipitation had a great impact on the ecological carrying capacity of water resources, which has an obvious positive correlation trend. 2) Except for 2011, the ecological profit and loss of water resources are all in deficit; the ecological pressure index of water resources shows a fluctuating downward trend; the ecological footprint of water resources per 10,000 yuan of GDP also shows a slow downward trend. 3) The ecological footprint of production water accounts for the largest proportion of the total ecological footprint of water resources, and the proportion of ecological water footprint increases annually; the proportion of water ecological footprint of the primary industry shows a slow decline; the proportion of the secondary and tertiary industries is fluctuated and increased. 4) Economic factors are the main driving factors for the growth of the ecological footprint of water resources in Xi’an, and technical factors have inhibited its growth.
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