|
|
父母冲突与青少年行为问题研究进展与展望
|
Abstract:
父母冲突作为青少年生活中的压力源使青少年面临行为问题发展的风险。以往关于父母冲突影响青少年行为问题的机制研究，主要包括青少年的认知情绪加工及父母养育行为的中介作用及性别的调节作用，皮肤电导性及皮质醇激活等可能是父母冲突影响青少年行为问题的生理基础。此外，以往基于父母冲突背景下的干预研究大都聚焦于改善父母关系质量。未来可以更多地关注在父母冲突环境中父子关系或父亲养育方式的作用，并进一步从个体和家庭层面探究父母冲突环境中青少年行为问题发展的保护性因素，如努力控制、父母积极因素。父母冲突影响青少年行为问题的其他生理基础如前额叶皮质成熟等，及针对青少年群体的干预项目也是未来研究的方向。
As a stressor in adolescent life, interparental conflict makes adolescents face the risk of developing behavioral problems. Previous studies have explored the mechanism of the influences of interparental conflict on adolescents’ behavioral problems, mainly including the mediating role of adolescents’ cognitive-emotional processing and parenting behavior, and the moderating role of gender. Skin conductance and cortisol activation can be the physiological bases underlying the influences of interparental conflict on adolescent behavioral problems. In addition, previous intervention studies based on the context of interparental conflict have mostly focused on improving the quality of interparental relationship. The role of father-son relationship or paternal parenting style on adolescent behavioral problems in the context of interparental conflict was recommended in future research. Moreover, further research should explore the protective factors of adolescent behavioral problems in the context of interparental conflict from individual and family levels, such as effort control and positive parental factors. Other physiological bases underlying the influences of interparental conflict on the development of adolescent behavioral problems such as the maturation of prefrontal cortex, and intervention programs targeting the adolescents are also the directions of future research.
| [1] | Ai, T., Xu, Q., Li, X., & Li, D. (2017). Interparental Conflict and Chinese Adolescents’ Suicide Ideation and Suicide At-tempts: The Mediating Role of Peer Victimization. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26, 3502-3511.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0837-y |
| [2] | Amato, P. R. (2010). Research on Divorce: Continuing Trends and New Developments. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 650-666. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00723.x |
| [3] | Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The Benefits of Being Present: Mindfulness and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822-848. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822 |
| [4] | Campbell, S. B. (1995). Behavior Problems in Preschool Children: A Review of Recent Research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 113-149. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1995.tb01657.x |
| [5] | Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (2002). Interventions as Tests of Family Systems Theories: Marital and Family Relationships in Children’s Development and Psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 731-759.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579402004054 |
| [6] | Cummings, E. M., & Schatz, J. N. (2012). Family Conflict, Emotional Security, and Child Development: Translating Research Findings into a Prevention Program for Community Families. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 15, 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-012-0112-0 |
| [7] | Davies, P. T., & Cummings, E. M. (1994). Marital Conflict and Child Adjustment: An Emotional Security Hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 387-411. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.387 |
| [8] | Davies, P. T., & Lindsay, L. L. (2004). Interparental Conflict and Adolescent Adjustment: Why Does Gender Moderate Early Adolescent Vulnerability? Journal of Family Psychology, 18, 160-170. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.18.1.160 |
| [9] | Ducharme, S., Albaugh, M. D., Hudziak, J. J., Botteron, K. N., Nguyen, T. V., Truong, C., Evans, A. C., & Karama, S. (2014). Anxious/Depressed Symptoms Are Linked to Right Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortical Thickness Maturation in Healthy Children and Young Adults. Cerebral Cortex, 24, 2941-2950. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bht151 |
| [10] | Dyson, R., Robertson, G. C., & Wong, M. M. (2015). Brief Report: Peer Group Influences and Adolescent Internalizing Problems as Mediated by Effortful Control. Journal of Adolescence, 41, 131-135.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2015.03.004 |
| [11] | El-Sheikh, M., & Erath, S. A. (2011). Family Conflict, Autonomic Nervous System Functioning, and Child Adaptation: State of the Science and Future Directions. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 703-721.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579411000034 |
| [12] | Fosco, G. M., DeBoard, R. L., & Grych, J. H. (2007). Making Sense of Family Violence: Implications of Children’s Appraisals of Interparental Aggression for Their Short- and Long-Term Functioning. European Psychologist, 12, 6-16.
https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.12.1.6 |
| [13] | Grych, J. H., Seid, M., & Fincham, F. D. (1992). Assessing Marital Conflict from the Child’s Perspective: The Children’s Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale. Child Development, 63, 558-572. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131346 |
| [14] | Harold, G. T., & Conger, R. D. (1997). Marital Conflict and Adolescent Distress: The Role of Adolescent Awareness. Child Development, 68, 333-350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1997.tb01943.x |
| [15] | Harold, G. T., & Sellers, R. (2018). Annual Research Review: Interparental Conflict and youth Psychopathology: An Evidence Review and Practice Focused Update. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59, 374-402.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12893 |
| [16] | Harold, G. T., Elam, K. K., Lewis, G., Rice, F., & Thapar, A. (2012). Interparental Conflict, Parent Psychopathology, Hostile Parenting, and Child Antisocial Behavior: Examining the Role of Maternal versus Paternal Influences Using a Novel Genetically Sensitive Research Design. Development and Psychopathology, 24, 1283-1295.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000703 |
| [17] | Kalmijn, M. (2016). Father-Child Contact, Interparental Conflict, and Depressive Symptoms among Children of Divorced Parents. European Sociological Review, 32, 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcv095 |
| [18] | Kochanska, G., Philibert, R. A., & Barry, R. A. (2009). Interplay of Genes and Early Mother-Child Relationship in the Development of Self-Regulation from Toddler to Preschool age. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50, 1331-1338.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02050.x |
| [19] | Koss, K. J., George, M. R., Davies, P. T., Cicchetti, D., Cummings, E. M., & Sturge-Apple, M. L. (2013). Patterns of Children’s Adrenocortical Reactivity to Interparental Conflict and Associations with Child Adjustment: A Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. Developmental Psychology, 49, 317-326. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028246 |
| [20] | Krishnakumar, A., & Buehler, C. (2000). Interparental Conflict and Parenting Behaviors: A Meta-Analytic Review. Family Relations, 49, 25-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2000.00025.x |
| [21] | Paus, T., Keshavan, M., Giedd, J. N. (2008). Why Do Many Psychiatric Disorders Emerge during Adolescence? Nature Reviews. Neuroscience, 9, 947-957. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2513 |
| [22] | Qi, W. (2021). Parental Conflict and Problematic Internet Use in Chinese Adolescents: Testing a Moderated Mediation Model of Adolescents’ Effortful Control and Emotional Dysregulation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36, NP6827-NP6843.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518822342 |
| [23] | Rothbart, M. K., & Bates, J. E. (2006). Temperament. In W. Damon, R. Lerner, & N. Eisenberg (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology: Vol. 3. Social, Emotional, and Personality Development (6th ed., pp. 99-166). Wiley. |
| [24] | Silva, C. S., Calheiros, M. M., & Carvalho, H. (2016). Interparental Conflict and Adolescents’ Self-Representations: The Role of Emotional Insecurity. Journal of Adolescence, 52, 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.07.007 |
| [25] | Tamnes, C. K., Walhovd, K. B., Grydeland, H., Holland, D., Ostby, Y., Dale, A. M., & Fjell, A. M. (2013). Longitudinal Working Memory Development Is Related to Structural Maturation of Frontal and Parietal Cortices. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 25, 1611-1623. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00434 |
| [26] | Thompson, M. J., Davies, P. T., Hentges, R. F., Sturge-Apple, M. L., & Parry, L. Q. (2020). Understanding How and Why Effortful Control Moderates Children’s Vulnerability to Interparental Conflict. Developmental Psychology, 56, 937-950.
https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000909 |
| [27] | Van der Valk, I. E., Spruijt, A. P., De Goede, M. P. M., Maas, C. J. M., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2005). Family Structure and Problem Behaviour of Adolescents and Young Adults: A Growth Curve Study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 533-546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-8841-8 |
| [28] | Van Dijk, R., van der Valk, I. E., Dekovi？, M., & Branje, S. (2020). A Meta-Analysis on Interparental Conflict, Parenting, and Child Adjustment in Divorced Families: Examining Mediation Using Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Models. Clinical Psychology Review, 79, Article ID: 101861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101861 |
| [29] | Vijayakumar, N., Whittle, S., Dennison, M., Yucel, M., Simmons, J., & Allen, N. B. (2014). Development of Temperamental Effortful Control Mediates the Relationship between Maturation of the Prefrontal Cortex and Psychopathology during Adolescence: A 4-Year Longitudinal Study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 9, 30-43.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.12.002 |
| [30] | Wang, F. L., Eisenberg, N., Valiente, C., & Spinrad, T. L. (2016). Role of Temperament in Early Adolescent Pure and Co-Occurring Internalizing and Externalizing Problems Using a Bifactor Model: Moderation by Parenting and Gender. Development and Psychopathology, 28, 1487-1504. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579415001224 |
| [31] | Weymouth, B. B., Fosco, G. M., Mak, H. W., Mayfield, K., LoBraico, E. J., & Feinberg, M. E. (2019). Implications of Interparental Conflict for Adolescents’ Peer Relationships: A Longitudinal Pathway through Threat Appraisals and Social Anxiety Symptoms. Developmental Psychology, 55, 1509-1522. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000731 |
| [32] | Whittle, S., Dennison, M., Vijayakumar, N., Simmons, J. G., Y？cel, M., Lubman, D. I., Pantelis, C., & Allen, N. B. (2013). Childhood Maltreatment and Psychopathology Affect Brain Development during Adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 52, 940-952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.06.007 |
| [33] | Whittle, S., Simmons, J. G., Dennison, M., Vijayakumar, N., Schwartz, O., Yap, M. B., Sheeber, L., & Allen, N. B. (2014). Positive Parenting Predicts the Development of Adolescent Brain Structure: A Longitudinal Study. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 8, 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2013.10.006 |
| [34] | Wrzus, C., H？nel, M., Wagner, J., & Neyer, F. J. (2013). Social Network Changes and Life Events across the Life Span: A Meta-Analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 139, 53-80. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028601 |
| [35] | Zemp, M., Bodenmann, G., & Mark Cummings, E. (2014). The Role of Skin Conductance Level Reactivity in the Impact of Children’s Exposure to Interparental Conflict on Their Attention Performance. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 118, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2013.09.007 |
| [36] | Zemp, M., Paetzold, I., & Milek, A. (2020). The Impact of Interparental Conflict on Children’s Attention and Memory Performance. Family Relations, 70, 587-602. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12481 |
| [37] | Zhou, N., & Buehler, C. (2019). Marital Hostility and Early Adolescents’ Adjustment: The Role of Cooperative Marital Conflict. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 39, 5-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431617725193 |
| [38] | Zhou, N., Li, X., Zang, N., Buehler, C., Cao, H., Liang, Y., & Deng, L. (2021). Interparental Hostility Interacts with Interparental Cooperative Conflict to Predict Adolescent Social Competence through Parent-Child Relationship Quality. Family Process, 60, 984-1001. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12606 |
