基于五轴加工中心的涡轮叶片在机测量准确定位方法研究
Research on Accurate Positioning Method of Turbine Blade in Machine Measurement Based on Five-Axis Machining Center

以航空发动机涡轮叶片为研究对象，针对五轴在机测量平台在叶片旋转后测量坐标系偏移问题，提出了一种基于ICP算法的配准定位方法，并基于该算法建立了配准目标函数。为了提高定位精度，针对涡轮叶片加工精度在区域分布不均问题，依据曲率划分定位区域，选取曲率较小区域用于定位。基于涡轮叶片的配准结果，给出了叶片定位中各轴向的定位误差和综合定位误差的计算公式，并提出迭代测量、二次定位的方法提高定位精度，减小定位误差。通过实际加工叶片配准定位，定位精度在15微米左右，证明该方案的有效性。
Taking the aeroengine turbine blade as the research object, aiming at the measurement coordinate system offset of the five-axis on-board measurement platform after the blade rotates, a registration and positioning method based on ICP algorithm is proposed, and the registration objective function is established based on this algorithm. In order to improve the positioning accuracy, aiming at the uneven distribution of turbine blade machining accuracy in the region, the positioning region is divided according to the curvature, and the region with small curvature is selected for positioning. Based on the registration results of turbine blades, the calculation formulas of axial positioning error and comprehensive positioning error in blade positioning are given, and the methods of iterative measurement and secondary positioning are proposed to improve the positioning accuracy and reduce the positioning error. Through the actual processing of blade registration and positioning, the positioning accuracy is about 15 microns, which proves the effectiveness of the scheme.