Introduction: The transmission of infectious agents through the hands of nursing staff during care is the main cause of nosocomial infections. Hand hygiene has been recognized for over a century as an effective measure to prevent healthcare associated infections in healthcare settings, the objective of this study was to appreciate the practice of hand hygiene during care by health professionals in the medical-surgical emergency department of the Donka National Hospital. Methods: It was a cross-sectional, analytical study. Data collection took place from March 1 to April 30, 2021. The study covered all health professionals, namely doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, radiography technicians, pharmacists, students, stretcher bearers, surfactants who were present at the time of the study period. Results: During the study period, out of a total of 104 registered health professionals, we surveyed 99, which is a rate of 95%. The most represented age group was [30 - 39 years] with an average of 37.17 ± 10.34 years, and extremes of 22 years to 65 years. The male sex was the most dominant or 59.60% compared to the female sex or 40.40% with a sex ratio of 1.47. The hand hygiene compliance rate was low at 21%. The practice of hand hygiene during care for 100% of health professionals was very low, at 8.08%. No factors influence the observance of the practice of hand hygiene and the socio-professional characteristics of the conditions of provision of care activities. Conclusion: Hand hygiene during care is an essential aspect that must be considered as an essential measure in the prevention of infections in this period of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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