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情绪区分的研究现状与测量方法
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Abstract:
情绪区分是指个体多大程度上能够将自己的情绪体验分为离散的情绪类别，并且这种能力与个体的情绪调节能力和心理健康紧密相关。本文系统地阐述了目前情绪区分的研究现状以及测量方法。过往研究发现情绪区分能够促进个体的情绪调节能力，并且抑郁症、焦虑症等情绪障碍患者相对于健康个体表现出更低的情绪区分水平。情绪区分的测量方法包括：经验取样法和实验室任务法。经验取样法具有更高的生态学效度，而实验室任务法能够精确且标准化地诱发个体的情绪体验。最后，情绪区分的神经机制和情绪区分的训练方法是未来的研究方向。
Emotional differentiation is the ability to what extent individuals can divide their own emotional experience into discrete emotional categories, and it is closely related to the individual’s emotional regulation and mental health. This paper systematically describes the current research status and measurement methods of emotion differentiation. Previous studies have found that emotional differentiation can promote individuals’ ability to regulate emotions, and patients with depression, anxiety and other emotional disorders show a lower level of emotional differentiation than healthy individuals. This study describes the measurement methods of emotional differentiation, including empirical sampling and laboratory task method. The experience sampling is more ecologically valid, while the laboratory task method can accurately induce individual emotional experience. Finally, the neural mechanism of emotional differentiation and training methods of emotional differentiation are the future research direction.
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