蒙中杂交沙棘无性系果实油脂含量分析
Analysis of Fruits Oil Contents of Hybrid Seabuckthorn Clones from Mongolica and Sinensis Subspecies

为了了解新选育出的4个杂交沙棘无性系果实油脂含量，于2016-2018年对黑龙江、辽宁、甘肃、青海、新疆5地的杂交沙棘果实取样后，采用索氏抽提法分析了干全果、干果肉和干籽3个油脂含量。杂交沙棘干全果油脂含量平均值为15.62%，其中以“杂雌优54号”的含量最小，仅13.16%，“杂雌优01号”最大，达21.24%。干全果中，干果肉油脂含量为17.59% ± 5.81%，较干籽的13.99% ± 6.63%大了3.60个百分点。在5个试验地，杂交沙棘干全果油脂含量以青海大通最高，达18.66% ± 3.86%，新疆额敏最低，只有13.35% ± 6.63%。从年度间来看，杂交沙棘干全果油脂含量，2016年为9.50% ± 2.41%，2017年为17.70% ± 4.64，2018年为11.36% ± 2.27%，显现出“小–大–小”的明显起伏现象。杂交沙棘的油脂含量虽然较引进沙棘低了1.49个百分点，但已属很高，加之适应性强，应在我国“三北”和西南等地建立以油用为主要目标的工业原料林来综合开发利用。
In order to learn the oil content of the fruits of four newly selected hybrid seabuckthorn clones, after sampling the fruits of hybrid seabuckthorn in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Gansu, Qinghai and Xin-jiang from 2016 to 2018, Soxhlet extraction method was used to analyze the oil content of dry whole fruit, dry pulp and dry seed. The average oil content of dry whole fruit of hybrid seabuckthorn was 15.62%, of which “zaciyou 54” was the smallest, only 13.16%, and “zaciyou 01” was the largest, up to 21.24%. In the dried whole fruit, the oil content of dried pulp was 17.59% ± 5.81%, which was 3.60 percentage points higher than 13.99% ± 6.63% of dry seeds. In the five experimental locali-ties, the oil content of dry whole fruit of hybrid seabuckthorn was the highest in Datong, Qinghai, up to 18.66% ± 3.86%, and the lowest in Emin, Xinjiang, only 13.35% ± 6.63%. For the test three years, the oil content of dried whole fruit of hybrid seabuckthorn was 9.50% ± 2.41% in 2016, 17.70% ± 4.64% in 2017 and 11.36% ± 2.27% in 2018, showing an obvious fluctuation of “small-large-small”. Although the oil content of hybrid seabuckthorn was 1.49% lower than that of introduced seabuckthorn, it was really high. In addition, as hybrid seabuckthorn had strong adaptability, industrial raw material forests with oil as the main goal should be established in the “Three North” and southwest of China for comprehensive development and utilization.