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肺部GGO的临床特征与诊疗策略
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Abstract:
肺部磨玻璃结节(ground-glass opacity, GGO)是肺结节的一种，这种类型的结节与肺腺癌的关系密切，且其检出率日渐增高，越来越多的患者因肺部发现了GGO而接受了手术治疗。GGO好发于女性及不吸烟人群，且很多患者并无临床症状，因此GGO的筛查与随访至关重要。大部分的GGO呈惰性生长，在较长的时期并不发生变化，而部分GGO发展较快，逐渐发展为早期肺癌。临床手术医师需要在大量的GGO病例中筛选出需要手术的病例，并且根据病灶的大小、位置等设计个性化的手术方案。近年来，一些新的技术也被应用到GGO的诊疗中，如电视辅助胸腔镜手术技术、肺部三维重建技术等，为临床医师带来了极大的便利。本文就GGO的病理特征、影像学表现、随访、手术、应用的新技术等方面作一小结。
Ground glass opacity (GGO) is a type of pulmonary nodule. There is a very close relationship between GGO and lung adenocarcinoma. The detection rate of this disease is getting higher and higher. More and more patients have received surgical treatment because of the discovery of GGOs in their lungs. GGO tends to occur in women and non-smokers. Many patients have no clinical symptoms, so the early screening and follow up results of GGO are very valuable. Most GGOs were inert and did not change for a long time. But some GGOs grew quickly; those opacities gradually developed into early lung cancer. Clinical surgeons need to screen out the cases requiring surgery from a large number of GGOs, and design personalized surgical schemes according to the size and location of those opacities. In recent years, some new technologies have also been applied to the diagnosis and treatment of GGO, such as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and three-dimensional lung reconstruction, which has brought great convenience to clinicians. In this review, we summarized the pathological features, imaging characteristics, follow up results, surgical operations and new technology of GGOs.
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