立位平衡功能测试在民航飞行员模拟机任务所致疲劳评估中的应用
Application of Upright Balance Function Test in Fatigue Assessment of Civil Aviation Pilot Simulated Aircraft Mission

立位平衡能力逐步成为疲劳评估领域研究的热点，本研究通过模拟机飞行任务前后民航飞行员静态立位平衡能力变化，探究其对疲劳的应用效果。选取民航现役飞行员113名，均接受3小时飞行模拟机训练。训练1小时后测量NASA-TLX量表和静态立位平衡能力；3小时后再次测量静态立位平衡能力和NASA-TLX量表。结果1小时任务与3小时任务的飞行员主观疲劳量表NASA-TLX的成绩(1 h, 3.46 + 0.82; 3 h, 4.68 + 0.97)显著升高(F = 3.26, P = 0.017)；飞行员静态立位平衡指数值在经过3小时任务后显著升高(F = 4.86**, P < 0.01)，且静态立位平衡能力与主观疲劳量表NASA-TLX得分高相关r = 0.87；同时41岁以上飞行员静态平衡能力较年轻组显著下降(F = 3.13, P < 0.01)。得到结论静态立位平衡能力可有效应用于民航飞行员因飞行导致的疲劳测定；40岁以上飞行员在3小时的模拟机飞行任务后疲劳程度显著升高；飞行经验在一定的区间能够帮助飞行员应对疲劳。
Upright balance ability has gradually become a research spot in the field of fatigue evaluation. This study explores its application effect on fatigue through the changes of static upright balance ability of civil aviation pilots before and after the simulator flight mission. 113 civil aviation pilots were selected and all received 3-hour flight simulator training. After one hour of training, NASA-TLX scale and static upright balance ability were measured; after 3 hours, the static upright balance test and NASA-TLX scale were measured again. Results: the scores of NASA-TLX (1 H, 3.46 + 0.82; 3 h, 4.68 + 0.97) were significantly increased (F = 3.26, P = 0.017); the SUBI of pilots was significantly increased after three-hour task (F = 4.86**, P < 0.01); and the SUBI had a high correlation with the score of NASA-TLX, r = 0.87. At the same time, the SUBI of pilots over 41 years old was significantly lower than that of the young group (F = 3.13, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The SUBI can be effectively applied to the determination of flight-induced fatigue of civil aviation pilots; the fatigue degree of pilots over 40 years old increases significantly after a 3-hour simulator flight mission; flight experience can help pilots cope with fatigue in a certain range.