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疫情下幼儿父母婚姻质量对亲子关系的影响：有调节的中介模型
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Abstract:
本文采用问卷法探讨了新冠肺炎疫情期间148名3~5岁幼儿的父母婚姻质量和亲子关系质量的情况以及父母婚姻质量对亲子关系质量的影响，进一步考察了公开婚姻冲突频率的中介作用以及该过程是否受到幼儿性别和父母性别的调节作用。研究结果发现，疫情居家隔离期间父母的婚姻质量与亲子关系质量处于中等水平，大部分父母主观报告相对疫情发生前，疫情期间婚姻质量与亲子关系质量有所提高。公开婚姻冲突频率在婚姻质量与亲子亲密性之间起部分中介作用，在婚姻质量与亲子冲突性之间起完全中介作用，并且婚姻质量与公开婚姻冲突频率的中介作用受到幼儿性别的显著调节，但不受父母性别调节。女童的父母婚姻质量对公开婚姻冲突频率预测效果显著，女童亲子亲密性和冲突性均受到父母婚姻质量和公开婚姻冲突频率的影响。男童的父母婚姻质量对公开婚姻冲突频率预测效果不显著，男童的亲子亲密性受到婚姻质量和公开婚姻冲突频率的影响，但亲子冲突性仅受到公开婚姻冲突频率的影响。最后，本文对研究结果进行了讨论并为新冠肺炎疫情期间的家庭教育献上了一些建议。
The current study investigated marital quality, parent-child relationship quality, as well as the relationship between marital quality and parent-child relationship quality for 148 preschool children aged from 3 to 5 years old by using questionnaires during the epidemic of COVID-19. The mediating effect of overt marital conflict frequency and the moderating effect of children’s gender also were explored. The results showed that parents’ marital quality and parent-child relationship quality were both at a medium level, and the perceived marital quality and the perceived quality of the parent-child relationship have been improved during the COVID-19 epidemic. Overt marital conflict frequency partially mediated the relationship between marital quality and parent-child closeness and totally mediated the relationship between marital quality and parent-child conflict. Marital quality positively predicted parent-child closeness directly and influenced parent-child closeness and conflict indirectly through the frequency of overt marital conflict. Children’s gender rather than parents’ gender moderated the mediating effect on the relationship between marital quality and frequency of overt marital conflict. For girls, marital quality could negatively predict the frequency of overt marital conflict, while for boys, the marital quality could not predict the frequency of overt marital conflict. Marital quality could influence preschool children’s parent-child closeness and girls’ parent-child conflict, however, boys’ parent-child conflict is predicted only by overt marital conflict frequency. Finally, we discussed the results and provided suggestions for family education during the COVID-19 epidemic.
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